pig (Sus scrofa)
→
guinea pig (Cavia porcellus)
31 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Armenian | |
| lexeme 1 | xozuk (խոզուկ) | |
| lexeme 2 | covaxozuk (ծովախոզուկ) | |
| meaning 1 | diminutive of xoz (խոզ) 'pig' | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | Galstjan 1984 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Belarusan | |
| lexeme 1 | свiнка | |
| lexeme 2 | марская свiнка | |
| meaning 1 | diminutive of свiння 'pig' | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | Slounik.org | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Bulgarian | |
| lexeme 1 | свинче | |
| lexeme 2 | морско свинче | |
| meaning 1 | diminutive of свиня 'pig' | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | RNBE | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Croatian | |
| lexeme 1 | prase | |
| lexeme 2 | morsko prase | |
| meaning 1 | pig (Sus scrofa) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | HJP | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Danish | |
| lexeme 1 | svin | |
| lexeme 2 | marsvin | |
| meaning 1 | pig (Sus scrofa) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | Krymova et al. 2004 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Dutch | |
| lexeme 1 | biggetje | |
| lexeme 2 | Guinees biggetje | |
| meaning 1 | diminutive of big 'piglet' | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | Ensie | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | English | |
| lexeme 1 | pig | |
| lexeme 2 | guinea pig | |
| meaning 1 | Sus scrofa | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | Cavia porcellus | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Estonian | |
| lexeme 1 | siga | |
| lexeme 2 | merisiga | |
| meaning 1 | pig (Sus scrofa) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Faroese | |
| lexeme 1 | svín | |
| lexeme 2 | marsvín | |
| meaning 1 | pig (Sus scrofa) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Farsi | |
| lexeme 1 | xukče (خوکچه) | |
| lexeme 2 | xukče hendi (خوکچه هندی) | |
| meaning 1 | diminutive of xuk (خوک) 'pig' | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | French | |
| lexeme 1 | cochon | |
| lexeme 2 | cochon d'Inde | |
| meaning 1 | pig (Sus scrofa) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | CNRTL | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Georgian | |
| lexeme 1 | goč̣i (გოჭი) | |
| lexeme 2 | zɣvis goč̣i (ზღვის გოჭი) | |
| meaning 1 | piglet (up to four months) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | German | |
| lexeme 1 | Schwein | |
| lexeme 2 | Meerschwein | |
| meaning 1 | pig (Sus scrofa) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | DWDS | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Hungarian | |
| lexeme 1 | malac | |
| lexeme 2 | tengerimalac | |
| meaning 1 | pig, piglet | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Icelandic | |
| lexeme 1 | grís | |
| lexeme 2 | naggrís | |
| meaning 1 | piglet | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | ISLEX | |
| comment | naga 'to gnaw' |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Irish Gaelic | |
| lexeme 1 | muc | |
| lexeme 2 | muc ghuine | |
| meaning 1 | pig (Sus scrofa) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | Ó Dónaill 1977 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Italian | |
| lexeme 1 | porcellino | |
| lexeme 2 | porcellino d'India | |
| meaning 1 | pig (Sus scrofa) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | Vocabolario Treccani | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 18 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Jèrriais (Jersey Norman French) | |
| lexeme 1 | couochon | |
| lexeme 2 | couochon d'la Dginnée | |
| meaning 1 | pig (Sus scrofa) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 19 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Luxembourgish | |
| lexeme 1 | Schwéngchen | |
| lexeme 2 | Mierschwéngchen | |
| meaning 1 | diminutive of Schwäin 'pig' | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | LOD | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 20 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Mandarin Chinese | |
| lexeme 1 | tún (豚) | |
| lexeme 2 | túnshǔ (豚鼠) | |
| meaning 1 | suckling pig | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | BKRS English Wiktionary | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 21 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Mongolian (Khalkha) | |
| lexeme 1 | гахай | |
| lexeme 2 | усан гахай | |
| meaning 1 | pig (Sus scrofa) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | BAMRS 2001-2002 | |
| comment | 'water pig' |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 22 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | New Latin | |
| lexeme | porcellus | |
| meaning 1 | piglet | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | specific epithet of guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Mus porcellus Linnaeus, 1758 Cavia cobaya Pallas, 1766 Cavia porcellus Erxleben, 1777 |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 23 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Norwegian | |
| lexeme 1 | svin | |
| lexeme 2 | marsvin | |
| meaning 1 | pig (Sus scrofa) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Bokmål and Nynorsk |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 24 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Polish | |
| lexeme 1 | świnka | |
| lexeme 2 | świnka morska | |
| meaning 1 | diminutive of świnia 'pig' | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | WSJP | |
| comment | In Poland, in the 19th-century studies, apart from the names “świnka” and “świnka morska”, the name “morświnka” was also used (Erazm Majewski: Słownik nazwisk zoologicznych i botanicznych polskich, zawierający ludowe oraz naukowe nazwy i synonimy polskie, używane dla zwierząt i roślin od XV-go wieku do chwili obecnej, źródłowo zebrane i zestawione z synonimami naukowemi łacińskiemi w podwójnym porządku alfabetycznym i pomnożone porównawczym materyałem, zaczerpniętym z innych języków słowiańskich. T. 2. Słownik łacińsko-polski. Warszawa: Noskowski, 1894, p. 178.) |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 25 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Portuguese | |
| lexeme 1 | porquinho | |
| lexeme 2 | porquinho-da-índia | |
| meaning 1 | diminutive of porco 'pig' | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | DPLP | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 26 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Russian | |
| lexeme 1 | свинка | |
| lexeme 2 | морская свинка | |
| meaning 1 | dim. from свинья 'pig' | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | BTS | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 27 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Serbian | |
| lexeme 1 | прасе (prase) | |
| lexeme 2 | морско прасе (morsko prase) | |
| meaning 1 | young pig (Sus scrofa) | Pepa Prase je novi hit na TV-u, a polako osvaja i računare. Peppa Pig is a new hit on TV, and is slowly conquering computers as well. |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | Naše morsko prase je teško oko 500 g, tačnu starost ne znamo a ni pol. Our guinea pig weighs about 500 g, we don't know the exact age and gender. |
| reference | Vujanitsh et al. 2007: 998 CLARIN.SI | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 28 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Sicilian | |
| lexeme | ciuḍḍu | |
| meaning 1 | young swine, a piglet (contrasted with a porcu, an adult swine) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | From Latin suīllus relational adjective of sūs 'pig'. |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 29 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Slovenian | |
| lexeme 1 | prašíček | |
| lexeme 2 | mórski prašȋčək | |
| meaning 1 | diminutive of prašíč 'pig' | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | SSKJ2 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 30 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Swedish | |
| lexeme 1 | svin | |
| lexeme 2 | marsvin | |
| meaning 1 | pig (Sus scrofa) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | SAOB | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 31 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Motivation | |
| language | Ukrainian | |
| lexeme 1 | свинка | |
| lexeme 2 | морська свинка | |
| meaning 1 | diminutive of свиня 'pig' | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | |
| reference | SUM-11 | |
| comment | ||
most often 'little pig' + epithet, in some languages 'pig' + epithet (English, French, Jersey Norman French, German, Danish, Norwegian, Faroese, Swedish, Estonian, Luxembourgish, Irish Gaelic) or 'piglet' non derived from 'pig' + epithet (Sicilian, Icelandic, Dutch, Hungarian, Italian, New Latin, Mandarin Chinese).
Guinea pigs were referred to as "Indian little pig coneys" in Edward Topsell's 1607 treatise on quadrupeds ("Historie of Foure-footed Beastes, from Gesner and Others"). In the Anatomical exercitations concerning the generation of living creatures to which are added particular discourses of births and of conceptions published in London in 1653, its author, William Harvey, used the name Ginny-pigs (Morales, Edmundo (1995). The Guinea Pig: Healing, Food, and Ritual in the Andes. University of Arizona Press).
Original source of semantic borrowing is unclear (Portuguese?)
Motivation is not clear. Guinea pigs are built somewhat like pigs, with large heads relative to their bodies, stout necks, and rounded rumps with no tail of any consequence; some of the sounds they emit are very similar to those made by pigs, and they spend a large amount of time eating. They can survive for long periods in small quarters, like a "pig pen", and were easily transported by ship to Europe. (Wagner, Joseph E.; Manning, Patrick J (1976). The Biology of the Guinea Pig. Academic Press. P.2; Terril, Lizabeth A.; Clemons, Donna J. (1998). The Laboratory Guinea Pig. CRC Press. P. 2)