Related shifts
| ID | Relation type | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
-
Comment
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Akkadian | |
| lexeme | napištum | |
| meaning 1 | throat | ana napšāti innabtū (OIP 2, 92 r. 25) They fled for (their) lives. |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | life | napšāti marṣi ina parar bīni talappat (LKA 79:7) You touch the throat of the sick person with a knife of tamarisk wood. |
| reference | CAD: N1 296f. | |
| comment | From PS *napa/iš- 'throat' (SED I No. 200). Even if derived from *npš ‘to breath’, which is quite possible, it should be distinguished, as early as on the PS level, from Sem. *nap(i)š- ‘soul; vitality, life; person, personality; self’ derived from the same verb. | |
| NEW Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ancient Hebrew | |
| lexeme | näpäš | |
| meaning 1 | throat | wə-yihyū ḥayyīm lə-nap̄šäḵā wə-ḥēn lə-gargərōṯǟḵā (Pro 3:22) So shall they be life unto your throat (i.e. soul), and grace to your neck. |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | breath; soul; life; living being | wə-aḵ äṯ-dimḵäm lə-nap̄šōṯēkäm ‘ädrōš mi-yyad kol-ḥayyā ‘ädrōšännū wū-mi-yyad hā-‘ādām mi-yyad ‘īš ‘āḥīu ‘ädrōš äṯ-näp̄äš hā-‘ādām (Gen. 9:5) And surely your blood of your lives will I require; at the hand of every beast will I require it, and at the hand of man; at the hand of every man's brother will I require the life of man. |
| reference | HALOT: 711 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Somali | |
| lexeme | rubad(-da) | |
| meaning 1 | throat | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | life | |
| reference | Alejnikov 2012 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Sumerian | |
| lexeme | zi | |
| meaning 1 | throat | šeš-ĝu10 a-na-zu a-ra-gig zi-ĝu10 ma-gig (EnkNinḫ. 264) - My brother, what part of you hurts you? - My throat hurts me. |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | life | dli-pi2-it-eš4-tar2 dumu den-lil2-la2-me-en buru14 mah zi3-ga zi kalam-ma-me-en (Lipit-Eštar A 42-43) I am Lipit-Eštar, Enlil's son. I am the one who makes an abundant crop grow, the life of the Land. |
| reference | ePSD2 Attinger, 2023: 1502 | |
| comment | ||