Related shifts
| ID | Relation type | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
-
Comment
| NEW Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language | English | |
| lexeme 1 | one | |
| lexeme 2 | none | |
| meaning 1 | one + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none | |
| reference | Harper's Etymonline | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Hungarian | |
| lexeme 1 | egyik | |
| lexeme 2 | egyik sem | |
| meaning 1 | one, one of... + neither | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none, none of, neither (not one) | Melyik autó tetszik? Egyik sem Egyikünk sem tudta a választ. Which car do you like? None of them. None of us knew the answer. |
| reference | Gal’di 1987 English Wiktionary | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Icelandic | |
| lexeme 1 | einn + -gi | |
| lexeme 2 | engi | |
| meaning 1 | one, single + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | (poetic) none | |
| reference | ISLEX | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Late Latin | |
| language 2 | Dalmatian | |
| lexeme 1 | unus + nec | |
| lexeme 2 | nenčoin | |
| meaning 1 | one, single + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Bartoli, Matteo Giulio (2000). Il dalmatico: resti di un'antica lingua romanza parlata da Veglia a Ragusa e sua collocazione nella Romània appennino-balcanica. Rome: Treccani. |
|
| NEW Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Late Latin | |
| language 2 | Franco-Provençal | |
| lexeme 1 | unus + nec | |
| lexeme 2 | unus | |
| meaning 1 | one, single + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal https://dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca/?chercher=personne |
|
| NEW Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Late Latin | |
| language 2 | Spanish | |
| lexeme 1 | unus + nec | |
| lexeme 2 | ninguno | |
| meaning 1 | one, single + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none | |
| reference | Corominas, Pascual | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Late Latin | |
| language 2 | Catalan | |
| lexeme 1 | unus + nec | |
| lexeme 2 | ningú | |
| meaning 1 | one, single + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none | |
| reference | Corominas, Pascual | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Late Latin | |
| language 2 | Istriot | |
| lexeme 1 | unus + nec | |
| lexeme 2 | ningun | |
| meaning 1 | one, single + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none | |
| reference | Corominas, Pascual | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Late Latin | |
| language 2 | Portuguese | |
| lexeme 1 | unus + nec | |
| lexeme 2 | nenhum | |
| meaning 1 | one, single + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none | |
| reference | Corominas, Pascual | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Late Latin | |
| language 2 | Old Galician–Portuguese | |
| lexeme 1 | unus + nec | |
| lexeme 2 | niun | |
| meaning 1 | one, single + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none | |
| reference | Corominas, Pascual | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Late Latin | |
| language 2 | Galician | |
| lexeme 1 | unus + nec | |
| lexeme 2 | ningún | |
| meaning 1 | one, single + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none | |
| reference | Corominas, Pascual | |
| comment | Already attested as ningũu in the 13th century (Cantigas de Santa Maria). Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega |
|
| NEW Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Late Latin | |
| language 2 | Romanian | |
| lexeme 1 | unus + nec | |
| lexeme 2 | niciun | |
| meaning 1 | one, single + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none | |
| reference | Corominas, Pascual DER | |
| comment | Probably also from a Latin formation neque (“and not”) |
|
| NEW Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Latin | |
| language 2 | Italian | |
| lexeme 1 | unus + ne | |
| lexeme 2 | nessuno | |
| meaning 1 | one, single + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none | |
| reference | Prati | |
| comment | From Latin ne ipse unum nissuno (Tuscan) |
|
| NEW Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Latin | |
| language 2 | Friulian | |
| lexeme 1 | unus + ne | |
| lexeme 2 | nissun | |
| meaning 1 | one, single + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none | |
| reference | Corominas, Pascual | |
| comment | From Latin nē (“not”) + ipse (emphatic, literally “himself”) + ūnus (“one”) |
|
| NEW Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Latin | |
| language 2 | Neapolitan | |
| lexeme 1 | unus + ne | |
| lexeme 2 | nisciuno | |
| meaning 1 | one, single + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none | |
| reference | Corominas, Pascual | |
| comment | From Latin nē ipse ūnus (literally “not one himself, not even one”). |
|
| NEW Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Latin | |
| language 2 | Ligurian | |
| lexeme 1 | unus + ne | |
| lexeme 2 | nisciùn | |
| meaning 1 | one, single + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none | |
| reference | Corominas, Pascual | |
| comment | From Latin nē ipse ūnus (literally “not even one”). |
|
| NEW Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Latvian | |
| lexeme 1 | viens + ne- | |
| lexeme 2 | neviens | |
| meaning 1 | one, single + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none | |
| reference | Tezaurs.lv | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 18 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Old English | |
| language 2 | Scots | |
| lexeme 1 | ān + ne | |
| lexeme 2 | nane | |
| meaning 1 | one, single + negation | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | none | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | https://www.dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/nane |
|