Related shifts
| ID | Relation type | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| NEW Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Catalan | |
| lexeme | pas | |
| meaning 1 | step, pace | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | negation marker | No feu pas això ― Do not ever do this |
| reference | DIEC2 English Wiktionary | |
| comment | The main marker of negation in Catalan is the adverb no. No is placed before the verbs, while pas is usually placed after it. Unlike Occitan or French, where pas is a mandatory negative particle (under many circumstances); in Catalan, pas is only used as an optional intensifier of negation. However, some northern dialects use "pas" instead of "no" as the mandatory negative particle. Also, in many dialects "pas" has totally disappeared. |
|
| NEW Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language | French | |
| lexeme | pas | |
| meaning 1 | step, pace | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | negation marker | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Occitan | |
| lexeme | pas | |
| meaning 1 | step, pace | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | (after the verb) not (negates the meaning of a verb) | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Valencian | |
| lexeme | pas | |
| meaning 1 | step, pace | Va fer un pas arrere. Passos curts, llargs. El solar fa 20 passos d'ample |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | negation marker | Ha plogut molt? —No ha plogut pas. —Has it rained a lot? —It hasn't rained. |
| reference | Diccionaru Normatiu Valencia | |
| comment | https://www.avl.gva.es/lexicval/xhtml/dnv.xhtml?paraula=pas |
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