to speak
→
to order, command
14 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 | |
| 34 | to hear / to listen | → | to obey | Open |
| NEW Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Adyghe | |
| Lexeme | еIон | |
| Meaning 1 | to say | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to order, command | |
| Reference | Txarkaxo 1991: 83 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Adyghe | |
| Lexeme | еIон | |
| Meaning 1 | to say | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to order, command | |
| Reference | Txarkaxo 1991: 83 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language 1 | Ancient Greek | |
| Language 2 | Old English | |
| Lexeme | ἔπω | |
| Meaning 1 | to speak | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to order | εἴπω γυναιξὶν δεῖπνον τετυκεῖν I will order the servants to prepare breakfast |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Ancient Greek | |
| Lexeme | αὐδάω | |
| Meaning 1 | to speak | ὁμοκλήσας ἔπος ηὔσα He spoke menacingly (Homer) |
| Meaning 2 | to order | αὐδάω τινὶ ποιεῖν τι to order smn to do smth |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | LSJ 275 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Ancient Greek | |
| Lexeme | εἴρω | |
| Meaning 1 | to speak | |
| Meaning 2 | to order | εἴρητο συλλέγεσθαι (ὁ στρατός) the army got an order to get prepared (Herodotus) |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | LSJ 491 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Ancient Greek | |
| Lexeme | λέγω | |
| Meaning 1 | to speak | |
| Meaning 2 | to order, to prescribe | τινὶ ποιεῖν τι to do smth to smn |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | LSJ 1033-1034 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Ancient Hebrew | |
| Lexeme | ʔāmar | |
| Meaning 1 | to speak | ʔel hā-ʔiššā ʔāmar… he said to the woman: …’ (Gn 3:16) |
| Meaning 2 | to order | ʔāmar ləhābīʔ ʔet-waštī ha-mmalkā ‘he ordered to bring Queen Vashti’ (Esth. 1:17) |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | HALAT 63-64 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Armenian | |
| Lexeme | asel | |
| Meaning 1 | to speak | |
| Meaning 2 | to order, to assign | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | АрмРС 76 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Fula | |
| Lexeme | haala | |
| Meaning 1 | to speak | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to order | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ФРФС 211 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Icelandic | |
| Lexeme 1 | segja | |
| Lexeme 2 | segja fyrir | |
| Meaning 1 | to say, to tell, to infrom | hvað ég vildi nú sagt hafa? what did I want to say? |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to order, to prescribe | segja fyrir verkum to give out orders about work on the farm; to lead work |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Берков | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Moksha | |
| Lexeme | марьгомс | |
| Meaning 1 | to say | |
| Meaning 2 | to order | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Romanian | |
| Lexeme | zice | |
| Meaning 1 | to speak | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to order, command | |
| Reference | MDA2 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme 1 | skazat' | |
| Lexeme 2 | prikazat' | |
| Meaning 1 | to say | |
| Meaning 2 | to order | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Some Slavic languages have the verb КАЗАТЬ 'to speak' with no prefix. | |
| NEW Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Vietnamese | |
| Lexeme | bảo | |
| Meaning 1 | to speak | Trâu ơi ta bảo trâu nау hey buffalo, that's what I'll tell you. |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to give orders | Thầy giáo bảo em ở lại The teacher ordered me to stay |
| Reference | Bùi Hiền 2017: 38 | |
| Comment | ||