soul, spirit
→
phantom, ghost
8 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 | |
| 666 | soul, spirit | → | human, person | Open |
-
Comment
| NEW Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Bulgarian | |
| lexeme | дух | |
| meaning 1 | soul, spirit | бодър дух, предавам богу дух cheerful spirit, I give my soul to God |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | phantom, ghost | викам духове, зъл дух I call spirits, evil spirit |
| reference | Bernštejn 1966: 137 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Croatian | |
| lexeme | duh | |
| meaning 1 | spirit | siromašni duhom poor in spirit |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | phantom | |
| reference | HJP | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | French | |
| lexeme | esprit | |
| meaning 1 | spirit | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | phantom, ghost | |
| reference | François 2008: 190 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Hungarian | |
| lexeme | szellem | |
| meaning 1 | spirit | Szelleme elborult. His/her spirit was overwhelmed. |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | phantom, ghost | Ártó szellem; mesebeli, gonosz szellemek An evil spirit; fairy tale, evil spirits |
| reference | MEK 1978 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Macedonian | |
| lexeme | дух | |
| meaning 1 | soul, spirit | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | phantom, ghost | Во името на Отецот и Синот и Светиот Дух. In the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit. |
| reference | ODRMJ | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Internal cognates | |
| language | Russian | |
| lexeme 1 | душа | |
| lexeme 2 | дух | |
| meaning 1 | soul | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | unfleshly, supernatural being | a. Спириты вызывали дух Наполеона. 'Spiritists called Napoleon's spirit.' b. Злой дух (дьявол). 'Evil spirit (the devil).' c. Духи гор. 'Mountain spirits.' |
| reference | ||
| comment | (Ushakov) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Serbian | |
| lexeme | дух (duh) | |
| meaning 1 | spirit | продукт људског духа a product of the human spirit |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | phantom, ghost | призивати духове summon ghosts |
| reference | Vujanitsh et al. 2007: 334 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tabassaran | |
| lexeme | rüh | |
| meaning 1 | spirit | аьжуз рюгь кайи weak in spirit |
| meaning 2 | supernatural | дагъдин рюгьяр mountain spirits |
| reference | ||
| comment | (TabRus 263) | |