to flow
↔
to run
16 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 | |
| 1968 | to flow | → | to pass (of time) | Open |
-
Comment
| NEW Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Ancient Greek | |
| Lexeme | ῥέω | |
| Meaning 1 | to flow | φάραγγες ὕδατι ῥέουσαι 'gorges where the water flows' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to rush | ῥέων στρατὸς ἔστειχε 'The army rushed forward fiercely' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | LSJ 1568 | |
| NEW Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language 1 | Old Church Slavonic | |
| Language 2 | Old East Slavic | |
| Lexeme | тещи | |
| Meaning 1 | to flow | воды рЬчьныя сЬмо и овамо текошя |
| Direction | ← | |
| Meaning 2 | to run | i дроугы оученикъ тече скорЬе петра |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Ст.-слав.сл. 694 | |
| NEW Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Spanish | |
| Lexeme | correr | |
| Meaning 1 | to run | correr por la ciudad 'to run through the city' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to flow (water, river) | el río Don corre por la estepa ucraniana 'The river Don flows through the Ukranian steppe' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Narumov 1995: 228 | |
| NEW Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | German | |
| Lexeme | strömen | |
| Meaning 1 | to flow | das Blut strömt durch die Adern 'the blood is flowing in the veins' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to rush | die Menge strömte in den Saal 'People darted (gravitated) into the hall' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme | utekat' | |
| Meaning 1 | to leak, to ooze (liquids) | Вся вода утекла. 'The water leeked away' |
| Direction | ← | |
| Meaning 2 | to escape | Вот мы, ...как утекли из монастыря, так ни о чем уж и не думаем. (Пушкин) 'As for us, since we have ran away from the monastery, we do not think about anything any more.' (Pushkin) |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Cf. also from Dal': ·*South., ·*West. (also Mezenj, Kola) to run, to run away, to go away running, to run for one's life, to escape. Убегшыя, яже утекоша к царю вавилонску, Иерм. И велели его (Нагова) беречи, чтобы не утек, ·стар. Из церкви вон утекают, ·стхр. Утекай, ожгу (Run away, or I will scald you)! Утек не утек - а побежать можно попытаться (Run away or not, it is worth trying running). Утек - не хвались, а Богу молись (If you escaped, don't boast, but pray to God). Был, у тещи - да рад утекши (I have visited my mother in law and I am happy to have run away)! | |
| NEW Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme | bežat' | |
| Meaning 1 | to run | Лошадь бежала рысью. 'The horse was trotting' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to flow | a. Вода бежит из крана. 'Water is flowing from the tap.' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Cf. the more specific 'to boil and overflow' (colloquial) - Молоко бежит, сними его скорей с огня'Milk is overflowing, take it off from the stove'. Самовар бежит 'The samovar is overflowing' (Ushakov). | |
| NEW Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Cognates | |
| Language 1 | Lithuanian | |
| Language 2 | Russian | |
| Lexeme 1 | bė́gti | |
| Lexeme 2 | bežat' | |
| Meaning 1 | to run, to flow (water) | |
| Meaning 2 | когнаты | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | В.С.Расторгуева, Д.И.Эдельман. Этимологический словарь иранских языков. том.2. М. Восточная литература. 2003. Стр.58 | |
| NEW Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Cognates | |
| Language 1 | Sanskrit | |
| Language 2 | Old Persian | |
| Lexeme 1 | dhan- | |
| Lexeme 2 | dan- | |
| Meaning 1 | to run, to flow | |
| Meaning 2 | to flow (river) | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ЭСИЯ 2, 326-327 | |
| NEW Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Cognates | |
| Language 1 | Sanskrit | |
| Language 2 | Farsi | |
| Lexeme 1 | dhav- | |
| Lexeme 2 | dav- | |
| Meaning 1 | to run, to flow | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to run | |
| Reference | ЭСИЯ | |
| Comment | MW 513, ЭСИЯ 2, 384 | |
| NEW Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Cognates | |
| Language 1 | Avestan | |
| Language 2 | Khwaresmian | |
| Lexeme 1 | drav- | |
| Lexeme 2 | βzrw- | |
| Meaning 1 | to run (a deva) | |
| Meaning 2 | to flow, to overflow | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | βzrw- < *abi-drāuaia | |
| NEW Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Semantic evolution | |
| Language 1 | Romanian | |
| Language 2 | Latin | |
| Lexeme 1 | a curge | |
| Lexeme 2 | curro, -ere | |
| Meaning 1 | to flow | Curge izvorul, grîul răsare acolo pe unde trec urmele tăle 'the strem is flowing, the wheat is growing where your traces are (Gr. Viyaru)' |
| Direction | ← | |
| Meaning 2 | to run | |
| Reference | DER | |
| Comment | currere > a cure > a curge DER Glare 476 | |
| NEW Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Yakut | |
| Lexeme | сүүр- | |
| Meaning 1 | to run | хоско сүүрэн киир- 'to run into the room' |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to flow, to stream | 1) уу сүүрэр '1) water is running 2) blood is flowing out of my nose 3) tears are flowing on his face' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ЯРС 352. Cf. Also the riddle атаҕа суох сүүрэр 'It has no legs but it runs' (river). Для 2-го значения нет оригиналов для примеров 2 и 3 |
|
| NEW Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Classical Arabic | |
| Lexeme | جَرَى ğarāˊ | |
| Meaning 1 | to flow (of water) | |
| Direction | ← | |
| Meaning 2 | to run | |
| Reference | Lane: 415-416 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Italian | |
| Lexeme | correre | |
| Meaning 1 | to flow | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to run | |
| Reference | <personally collected data> | |
| Comment | https://dizionari.repubblica.it/Italiano/C/correre.html | |
| NEW Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Kazakh | |
| Lexeme | ағу | |
| Meaning 1 | to flow | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to run | |
| Reference | Syzdykova, Xusain (eds.) 2008: 24 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Veps | |
| Lexeme | ǵoksta | |
| Meaning 1 | to flow | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to run | |
| Reference | Zajceva, Mullonen 1972: 87 | |
| Comment | ||