to hear / to listen
↔
to understand
131 realizations
Global
-
Comment
| NEW Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | 'Āre'āre | |
| lexeme | noro-a | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Akan | |
| lexeme | te | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Kotey, Paul A. (1998), Twi-English/English-Twi Dictionary, New York: Hippocrene Books Christaller, Johann Gottlieb (1881), A Dictionary of the Asante and Fante Language Called Tshi (Chwee, Tw̌i), Basel, page 476 |
|
| NEW Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Albanian | |
| lexeme | dëgjoj | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Tolovski, Illič-Svityč 1963 | |
| comment | First attested as ëndiglonj in Buzuku, borrowed from Vulgar Latin intellegō (“to understand, perceive”), with metathesis of the -l- and -g- and many other phonological distortions in dialects, with the predominant form ultimately phonologically contaminated with gjoj (“to hear”) Meyer, G. (1891), Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, page 66f. https://books.google.com/books?id=OWKJ1dKKi-MC&pg=PA66 |
|
| NEW Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Alutor | |
| lexeme | valum- | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Fortescue 2005: 313 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ancient Greek | |
| lexeme | ἀκούω | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | LSJ | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ancient Greek | |
| lexeme | ἐπαΐω | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | LSJ | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Arabela | |
| lexeme | tohiniu | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Rich R.G. Diccionario Arabela-Castellano Serie Lingüística Peruana, 1999. 433-434 |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Aranda | |
| lexeme | awe | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Evans, Wilkins 2000: 565 | |
| comment | Ibarretxe-Antuñano 2008: 25 | |
| NEW Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Bamana | |
| lexeme | mɛ̰́, mɛ́ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Bandjalangic | |
| lexeme | gannga- | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Evans, Wilkins 2000: 569 | |
| comment | Ibarretxe-Antuñano 2008: 25 | |
| NEW Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Bangi (Bobangi) | |
| lexeme | yoka | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Basque | |
| lexeme | aditu | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | NorthEuraLex CLICS-3 Баскско-русский, русско-баскский словарь 1997: 3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Batsbi | |
| lexeme | jeplar | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Mikeladze, Gigashvili 2012: 384 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Batsbi | |
| lexeme | xac̣ar | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Bertlani (ed.) 2018: 211 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 18 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Boko | |
| lexeme | ma | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 19 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Burushaski | |
| lexeme | d̪jɛl | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | NorthEuraLex CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 20 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Busa (Bokobaru) | |
| lexeme | ma | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 22 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Chácobo | |
| lexeme | nika- | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | IDS Carling (ed.) 2017 CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 24 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Chukchee | |
| lexeme | валёмык | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Moll, Inènlikèj 1957: 19 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 25 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Classical Armenian | |
| lexeme | lsem (լսեմ) | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Petrosean, Matatʿeay 1879 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 26 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Dinka | |
| lexeme | piŋ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Blench 2005: 144 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 27 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Doromu-Koki | |
| lexeme | yora | |
| meaning 1 | listening | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | undertanding | |
| reference | Bradshaw 2021: 224 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 28 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Doromu-Koki | |
| lexeme | neide- | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | TransNewGuinea.org CLICS-3 | |
| comment | Aramaika, Lofaika, and Bareika Dialects |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 31 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | French | |
| lexeme | entendre | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | J'entends pleurer dans la pièce à côté. I can hear someone cry in the next room. |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | C'est ainsi que j'entends la vie. This is how I understand life. |
| reference | Vanhove 2008: 348 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 33 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Gamilaraay | |
| lexeme 1 | winanga-li | |
| lexeme 2 | winanga-y | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Ash et al. 2003: 143 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 34 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Gbaya | |
| lexeme | ze -a | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Huntley: 117 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 35 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Gedaged | |
| lexeme | loŋ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 36 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Guahibo (Sikuaani) | |
| lexeme | jumetane | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Quexalos F. Diccionaria sikuami-espanol Universidad de Los Andes 83 |
|
| NEW Realization 37 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Gǀui | |
| lexeme | kúḿ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Comparative Khoe-Kwadi | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 38 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Hawu (Sabu) | |
| lexeme | rəŋi | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 39 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Humene | |
| lexeme | ohi-nE- | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | TransNewGuinea.org CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 40 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Hungarian | |
| lexeme | hall | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | Még a légy döngését is hallani lehetett. You could even hear the fly buzzing. |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | Hallod, amit mondok? Hallom. Do you understand what I say? I understand. |
| reference | MEK 1978 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 41 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Italian | |
| lexeme | udìre | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | (uncommon) to understand | |
| reference | Vocabolario Treccani | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 42 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Itelmen | |
| lexeme | элфсэс | |
| meaning 1 | to listen | т'илфсəзвин I am listening to you |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | мил̹ мизвинк ттэ'ан крвэл̹хатас илфсқзузнэн Here all people understand Russian |
| reference | Volodin, Xalojmova 1989: 119 PIRS: 65 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 43 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Japanese | |
| lexeme | kikitoru (聞き取る) | |
| meaning 1 | to catch (what people say) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand (spoken language) | |
| reference | English Wiktionary | |
| comment | NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary], Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., |
|
| NEW Realization 44 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kanuri | |
| lexeme | fàntə́ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 45 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kashmiri | |
| lexeme | bōzun (بوزُن) | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | English Wiktionary | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 46 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kawaiisu | |
| lexeme | naɣa- | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Zigmond, Booth & Munro 1991: 236 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 47 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kayardild | |
| lexeme | marrija | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Evans, Wilkins 2000: 567 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 48 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Khmer | |
| lexeme | sdap (ស្ដាប់) | |
| meaning 1 | to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand (spoken language) | |
| reference | SEAlang Khmer | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 49 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Khoekhoe | |
| lexeme | ǁnâu | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Haacke Khoekhoe 2002: 287 | |
| comment | Also the same semantic shift in compunds: ǁnâuǃā, ǁnâuhō |
|
| NEW Realization 50 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Khoekhoe | |
| lexeme | ŋǁã̏ṹ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Comparative Khoe-Kwadi | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 51 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kita Maninkakan (Central Malinke, Kagoro Mali) | |
| lexeme | mé | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 52 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Koasati | |
| lexeme | há:lon | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Geoffrey D. Kimball; Bel Abbey; Martha John; Ruth Poncho Koasati Dictionary 1994 https://archive.org/details/koasatidictionar00kimb 57 |
|
| NEW Realization 53 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kolyma (Southern) Yukaghir | |
| lexeme | mœdi | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | NorthEuraLex CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 54 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kono | |
| lexeme | moŋ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 55 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Kora | |
| lexeme 1 | ǁnãu | |
| lexeme 2 | ǁnãuǃ’ā | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Du Plessis 2018 on Kora language: 307 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 56 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Koreguaje | |
| lexeme | asamʉ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Cook D.M., Gralow F.L. Diccionario bilingüe Koreguaje-Español Español Koreguaje Editorial Alberto Lleras Camargo, 2001. 30 |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 59 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kukatja | |
| lexeme | kulila | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Evans, Wilkins 2000: 569 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 60 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kunwinjku | |
| lexeme | bekkan | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand (a language) | |
| reference | Evans, Wilkins 2000: 568 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 61 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Latin | |
| lexeme | audio, audire | |
| meaning 1 | to hear, listen to | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Lewis, Short | |
| comment | Also exaudio, exaudire |
|
| NEW Realization 62 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ligbi | |
| lexeme | mɛ́n | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 63 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Lingala | |
| lexeme | -yoka | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Borrowed from Bangi yoka. |
|
| NEW Realization 64 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Looma (Loma) | |
| lexeme | manii(g) | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 65 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Luiseño | |
| lexeme | náqma | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Elliott 1999: 592 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 67 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Mahou | |
| lexeme | myɛ̰́ŋ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 68 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Mailu | |
| lexeme | naninani | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | TransNewGuinea.org CLICS-3 | |
| comment | Delebai Dialect |
|
| NEW Realization 69 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Mandinka | |
| lexeme | mòyi | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 70 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Maninka | |
| lexeme | mɛ̰́ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | Maninka-Mori |
|
| NEW Realization 71 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Mano | |
| lexeme | mā | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 72 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Mapuche (Mapudungun) | |
| lexeme | allkün | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 73 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Maria | |
| lexeme | nede- | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | TransNewGuinea.org CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 74 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Marka-Dafing | |
| lexeme | mwḭ̀ḭ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 75 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Matsés (Mayoruna) | |
| lexeme | tantia | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Fleck Zuazo D.W., Uaquí Bëso F.Sh., Jiménez Huanán D.M. Diccionario Matsés-Castellano con Índice Alfabético Castellano-Matsés e Índice Semántico Castellano-Matsés Imprenta Gráfica “Daniela“, 2012 206 |
|
| NEW Realization 77 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Modern Greek | |
| lexeme | γροικώ | |
| meaning 1 | (Crete, Cyprus, Pontic) to hear | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | (Crete, Cyprus, Pontic) to understand | |
| reference | DSMG | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 78 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Modern Greek | |
| lexeme | γρικάω | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | DSMG | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 79 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Nahuatl | |
| lexeme | caqui | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Wolgemuth, Carl et al. (2002), Diccionario náhuatl de los municipios de Mecayapan y Tatahuicapan de Juárez, Veracruz, 2nd electronic edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, pages 118, 168, 217, 232, 233, 249 | |
| NEW Realization 80 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Nez Perce (Nimipuutímt) | |
| lexeme | micí | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Aoki 1994: 443 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 81 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ngalakgan | |
| lexeme | banarr- | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Evans, Wilkins 2000: 569 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 82 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ngalkbun | |
| lexeme | wonan | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Evans, Wilkins 2000: 567 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 83 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Nganasan | |
| lexeme | дильситiси | |
| meaning 1 | to listen | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | NMS: 436 Kosterkina, Momde, Ždanova 2001: 41 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 84 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Otomi | |
| lexeme | o̲de | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 85 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Palana | |
| lexeme | valom- | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Fortescue 2005: 313 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 86 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Palenquero | |
| lexeme | kuchá | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vanhove 2008: 352 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 87 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Pintupi-Luritja | |
| lexeme | kulinu | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Evans, Wilkins 2000: 569 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 88 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Pitjantjatjara | |
| lexeme | kulini | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Ibarretxe-Antuñano 2008b: 25 | |
| comment | Evans, Wilkins 2000 | |
| NEW Realization 89 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Quechua | |
| lexeme | uyay | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | English Wiktionary | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 91 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Sa'a (South Malaita, Apae'aa | |
| lexeme | roŋo | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 5, 501 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 92 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | So (Uganda) | |
| lexeme | ɓuɓ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Heine, Eithne 2010: 6 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 93 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Soninke | |
| lexeme | mùgú/mukku | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 94 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Southern Bobo Mandaré | |
| lexeme | mɔ̈ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 95 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Sursurunga | |
| lexeme | tárma-i | |
| meaning 1 | to listen to | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Hutchisson and Hutchisson: 677 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 96 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Susu | |
| lexeme | mɛ́ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 97 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Swahili | |
| lexeme | sikia | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Polikanov | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 98 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Takia | |
| lexeme | -loŋ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 99 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tapieté | |
| lexeme | hendu | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | Brid, Nicolás, Cristina Messineo, and Johann-Mattis List (2022): A Comparative Wordlist for the Languages of the Gran Chaco Area. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. |
|
| NEW Realization 100 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tauro-Romaic (Mariupol Greek) | |
| lexeme | грику | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | A. A. Diamantopulo-Rionis with D. L. Demerdzhi, A. M. Davydova-Diamantopulo, A. A. Shapurma, R. S. Kharabadot and D. K. Patricha (2006), Румейско-русский и русско-румейский словарь пяти диалектов греков Приазовья, Mariupol G. A. Animica; M. P. Galikbarova (2013), Румеку глоса, Donetsk, page 4 |
|
| NEW Realization 101 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Telefol | |
| lexeme | tinágkam-in | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Healey & Healey 1977: 171, 284 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 102 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tem (Kotokoli) | |
| lexeme | nɩɩ́ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Abassa et al.: 309 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 103 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Thao | |
| lexeme | t<un>maza | |
| meaning 1 | to hear, listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand (a language) | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 105 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tokelau | |
| lexeme | logo | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 106 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ts'ixa | |
| lexeme | kúḿ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Comparative Khoe-Kwadi | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 107 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tundra Yukaghir | |
| lexeme | мөри- | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Kurilov 2001: 264 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 108 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tura (Toura) | |
| lexeme | má | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 109 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tzotzil | |
| lexeme | 7a7i | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | Zinacantán Tzotzil |
|
| NEW Realization 110 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Udmurt | |
| lexeme | анланы | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Kirillova 2008 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 111 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Uighur | |
| lexeme | anglimaq (ئاڭلىماق) | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 112 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Wagaya | |
| lexeme | larr- | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Evans, Wilkins 2000: 570 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 113 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Wan (Nwa) | |
| lexeme | mɔ̰̀ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 115 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Waray | |
| lexeme | hibaró | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | SEAlang Waray SEAlang Waray | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 116 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Warlpiri | |
| lexeme | purda-nyanyi | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Evans, Wilkins 2000: 570 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 117 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Warluwara | |
| lexeme | rlari- | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Evans, Wilkins 2000: 553 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 118 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Western Maninka | |
| lexeme | mé | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vydrin Comparative Mande | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 119 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Wik-Mungkan | |
| lexeme | ngeeyan | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Evans, Wilkins 2000: 567 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 120 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Wubuy (Nunggubuyu) | |
| lexeme | wawangki- | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Evans, Wilkins 2000: 571 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 121 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Yakut | |
| lexeme | иһит | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand (a language) | нууччалыы истэҕин дуо? do you understand Russian? |
| reference | SakhaTyla.Ru | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 123 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Yaqui (Hiaki) | |
| lexeme | hikka | |
| meaning 1 | to hear, listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Dictionary Yaqui: 46 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 124 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Yawuru | |
| lexeme | langka- | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Evans, Wilkins 2000: 570 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 125 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Yegha | |
| lexeme | ningári | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen to | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Farr & Farr 2008: 361 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 126 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Yupik | |
| lexeme | niiqur | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Vanhove 2008: 352 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 127 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Yuwaalaraay | |
| lexeme 1 | winanga-li | |
| lexeme 2 | winanga-y | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Ash et al. 2003: 143 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 128 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Yuwaalayaay | |
| lexeme 1 | winanga-li | |
| lexeme 2 | winanga-y | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Ash et al. 2003: 143 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 130 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Zulu | |
| lexeme | -́zwa | |
| meaning 1 | to hear / to listen | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972) Zulu-English Dictionary |
|
| NEW Realization 131 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | ǁAni | |
| lexeme | kóḿ~kúḿ | |
| meaning 1 | to hear | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to understand | |
| reference | Comparative Khoe-Kwadi | |
| comment | ||