child (son or daughter) child (young person) 80 realizations
ACCEPTED Realization 1
Type Polysemy
Language Ancient Greek
Lexeme παῖς
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference LSJ
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 2
Type Polysemy
Language Bashkir
Lexeme бала
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)

Иң ҡурҡынысы — үҫмер балаңдың кеҫәһендә шприц табыу.


The most frightening (thing) is to find a syringe in your teenager son's (daughter's) pocket.

Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)

Бала зиһененә йәнһүрәттең тәьҫире ныҡ көслө.


The impact of animated cartoons is very strong on a child's mind.

Reference English Wiktionary
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 3
Type Polysemy
Language Basque
Lexeme haur
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 4
Type Polysemy
Language Bezhta
Lexeme къора
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

Tlyadal and Khasharkhota dialects

Bezhta dialect - къова

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 5
Type Polysemy
Language Burmese
Lexeme ka.le: (ကလေး)
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference SEAlang Burmrse
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 6
Type Derivation
Language Cayuvava
Lexeme 1 rɔmi
Lexeme 2 rɔ̃mi
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 7
Type Polysemy
Language Chiriguano (Eastern Bolivian Guaraní)
Lexeme meᵐbɨ
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 8
Type Polysemy
Language Cofán
Lexeme dɨʔšɨ
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 9
Type Polysemy
Language Colorado (Tsafiki)
Lexeme na
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 10
Type Polysemy
Language Danish
Lexeme barn
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter) forældre og børn
parents and children
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age) barnets udvikling
the development of the child
Reference DDO
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 11
Type Polysemy
Language Dutch
Lexeme kind
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference English Wiktionary
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 12
Type Polysemy
Language English
Lexeme child
Meaning 1 son or daughter of any age
Direction
Meaning 2 young human being below the age of full physical development;
Reference ODE
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 13
Type Polysemy
Language Epena (Eperara)
Lexeme 'war̃a
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 14
Type Polysemy
Language Erzya
Lexeme эйкакш
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)

вейкине эйкакш


the only child (in family)

Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)

Иень коряс — атя, а превень коряс — эйкакш


by age - an old man, by mind - a child

Reference Serebrennikov et al. 1993: 63, 119
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 15
Type Polysemy
Language Estonian
Lexeme laps
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference EKSS
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 16
Type Polysemy
Language Farsi
Lexeme farzand (فَرزَند)
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference <personally collected data>
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 17
Type Polysemy
Language Finnish
Lexeme lapsi
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (person who is below the age of adulthood)
Reference Vahros, Ščerbakov 2007
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 18
Type Polysemy
Language French
Lexeme enfant
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter) avoir un enfant
to have a child
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age) petit enfant
a little child
Reference CNRTL
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 19
Type Polysemy
Language Gagauz
Lexeme uşak
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)

uşaan var mı?


Do you have children?

Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)

díilsin uşak e!


You are not a child!

Reference <personally collected data>
Comment

Gagauzça-rusça-romınca sözlük = Гагаузско-русско-румынский словарь = Dicţionar găgăuz-rus-român / Fundaţia pentru susţinerea şi dezvoltarea ştiinţei şi culturii găgăuzilor "CAINAC"; alcăt. P. Cebotari, I. Dron. - Ch.: PONTOS, 2002

ACCEPTED Realization 20
Type Polysemy
Language Gamilaraay
Lexeme birralii
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)

Giirr-nga ngay gulii-yu birralii gaanga-nhi.


My wife had the baby all right.

Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)

Birralii-gal-u nhama maadhaay buma-y.


The children hit the dog

Reference Ash et al. 2003: 41
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 21
Type Polysemy
Language Gawwada (Ale)
Lexeme miʔaye
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference World Loanword Database
Comment
NEW Realization 22
Type Polysemy
Language Geez
Lexeme wald
Meaning 1 son; boy
Direction
Meaning 2 child
Reference CDG: 613
Comment

The original meaning of Proto-EthS *wald- (and *lVd-) ‘son’ was probably ‘boy’ as in the case of its immediate parallels in Hebrew (yäläd, HALOT 412) and Arabic (walad-, Lane 2966). All these terms are derived from PS *wld ‘to bear’, widely attested both withing and outside EthS (SED I No. 80v). Lack of lexical distinction between the meanings “son” and “boy”/”child” — similar to bēn vs. yäläd in Hebrew — observable throughout EthS is atypical for Semitic languages and might be due to the substratum influence. (Kogan 2015:458)

For more examples see http://sed-online.ru/reconstructions/587 .

ACCEPTED Realization 23
Type Polysemy
Language Gelao (Kelao)
Lexeme to.35 łje.35
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3 Sanchong Kelao

ACCEPTED Realization 24
Type Polysemy
Language German
Lexeme Kind
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)

Er war das zweitgeborene Kind in der Familie.


He was the second-born child in the family.

Reference Duden
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 25
Type Polysemy
Language Gurindji
Lexeme karu
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference World Loanword Database
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 26
Type Polysemy
Language Hausa
Lexeme ɗáa
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference World Loanword Database
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 27
Type Polysemy
Language Hawaiian
Lexeme keiki
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference World Loanword Database
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 28
Type Polysemy
Language Hungarian
Lexeme gyerek
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter) az ember(nek) gyereke
this person's child
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age) Még csak gyerek.
He is only a kid yet.
Reference MEK 1978
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 29
Type Polysemy
Language Hunzib
Lexeme къəра
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 30
Type Polysemy
Language Icelandic
Lexeme barn
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter) varð ekki barna auðið
did not have children together
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference ISLEX
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 31
Type Polysemy
Language Indonesian
Lexeme anak
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference World Loanword Database
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 32
Type Polysemy
Language Inkhokvari
Lexeme къала
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 33
Type Polysemy
Language Iraqw
Lexeme na/aay
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference World Loanword Database
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 34
Type Polysemy
Language Kanuri
Lexeme tádà
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference World Loanword Database
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 35
Type Polysemy
Language Karata
Lexeme макІи
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 36
Type Polysemy
Language Kawésqar (Qawasqar, Alacaluf)
Lexeme eyxyol
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 37
Type Polysemy
Language Kazakh
Lexeme бала
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference Syzdykova, Xusain (eds.) 2001
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 38
Type Polysemy
Language Khwarshi
Lexeme къале
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3 Kwantlada dialect - къала

ACCEPTED Realization 39
Type Polysemy
Language Latvian
Lexeme bērns
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference <personally collected data>
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 40
Type Polysemy
Language Luxembourgish
Lexeme Kand
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference LOD
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 41
Type Polysemy
Language Mairasi
Lexeme tat
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)

Om osetavu tat omot natuar tete'en movun jangginyanev.


I've come to ask for medicine because my child has diarrhea

Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)

Tatovna'a sevami, evevei, tat neio sosravjamian.


The men will sing, and the women and children will dance

Reference Peckham: 408
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 42
Type Polysemy
Language Manang (Manange, Nyishang)
Lexeme 1kola
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference World Loanword Database
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 43
Type Polysemy
Language Mandarin Chinese
Lexeme xiǎohái (小孩)
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)


Reference BKRS
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 44
Type Polysemy
Language Mandarin Chinese
Lexeme háizi (孩子)
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference BKRS
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 45
Type Polysemy
Language Middle English
Lexeme barn
Meaning 1 offspring, a son or daughter
Direction
Meaning 2 infant, a child
Reference MED
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 46
Type Polysemy
Language Middle English
Lexeme chīld
Meaning 1 descendent (of particular parents), son or daughter
Direction
Meaning 2 young child, a baby, boy or girl (usually to the age of puberty)
Reference MED
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 47
Type Polysemy
Language Modern Greek
Lexeme παιδί
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)

Είχαν δύο παιδιά, ένα αγό ρι κι ένα κορίτσι. Έχει δύο παιδιά, το ένα δέκα χρονών και τ΄ άλλο ακόμα μωρό, στην κούνια. Mεγάλωσαν τα παιδιά του, παντρεύτηκαν, του ΄καναν και εγγόνια. Δυο παιδιά έχει, και τα δυο σπουδάζουν στο εξωτερικό.


They had two children, a boy and a girl. He has two children, one ten years old and the other still a baby, in the cradle. His children grew up, got married, and gave him grandchildren. He has two children, both studying abroad.

Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)

Tα παιδιά παίζουν.


The children are playing.

Reference DSMG
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 48
Type Polysemy
Language Moksha
Lexeme шаба
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)

шабафтома ава


childless woman

Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)

Месть шаба прясонза тяфта тиенди? ( В. Лёвин, Аера варма)


Why is he not behaving like a child should?

Reference Serebrennikov et al. 1998
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 49
Type Polysemy
Language Negerhollands
Lexeme kin
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 50
Type Polysemy
Language Nepali
Lexeme baccā
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 51
Type Polysemy
Language Norwegian
Lexeme barn
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter) foreldre og barn
parents and children
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age) filmen er forbudt for barn
this movie is prohibited for children
Reference BO
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 52
Type Polysemy
Language Otomi
Lexeme bätsi
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference World Loanword Database
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 53
Type Polysemy
Language Polci
Lexeme miir
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 54
Type Polysemy
Language Polish
Lexeme dziecko
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference WSJP
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 55
Type Polysemy
Language Punjabi
Lexeme bāla
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 56
Type Polysemy
Language Rapanui
Lexeme poki
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 57
Type Polysemy
Language Rotuman
Lexeme leʔe
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 58
Type Polysemy
Language Russian
Lexeme ребёнок
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference BAS
Comment Pl. ребята only in second meaning.
ACCEPTED Realization 59
Type Polysemy
Language Saramaccan
Lexeme mií
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference World Loanword Database
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 60
Type Polysemy
Language Seychellois Creole
Lexeme zanfan
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference World Loanword Database
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 61
Type Polysemy
Language Seychellois Creole
Lexeme toto
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference World Loanword Database
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 62
Type Polysemy
Language Seychellois Creole
Lexeme piti
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference World Loanword Database
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 63
Type Polysemy
Language Seychellois Creole
Lexeme marmay
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference World Loanword Database
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 64
Type Polysemy
Language Shipibo-Conibo
Lexeme βakɨ
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 65
Type Polysemy
Language Slovenian
Lexeme otròk
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference SSKJ2
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 66
Type Polysemy
Language Standard Zhuang
Lexeme lwgnyez
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference <personally collected data>
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 67
Type Polysemy
Language Swedish
Lexeme barn
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter) de har tre vuxna barn
they have three grown-up children
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age) passa barn
to look after children
Reference SAO
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 68
Type Polysemy
Language Syriac
Lexeme ylwd, ylwdˀ
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference CAL
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 69
Type Polysemy
Language Tamil
Lexeme piḷḷai (பிள்ளை)
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 boy, girl
Reference Tamil lexicon
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 70
Type Polysemy
Language Tarifit Berber
Lexeme aħənžia
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference World Loanword Database
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 71
Type Polysemy
Language Tatar
Lexeme бала
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference <personally collected data>
Comment
NEW Realization 72
Type Polysemy
Language Tigre
Lexeme wad
Meaning 1 son
Direction
Meaning 2 young man, child
Reference WTS: 430
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 73
Type Polysemy
Language Tsez
Lexeme хехби
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 74
Type Polysemy
Language Tver Karelian
Lexeme lapši
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)

ših aigah meil'ä ol'i jo kolme lašta: brihan’e i kakši t’ut’ös’t’ä


at that time we already had three children: a boy and two girls

Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)

issutettih miwn l'ekuttamah lašta, a ice ol’iin viel'ä lapši


they put me to swing a child, and I myself was still a child

Reference Punžina 1994: 131. 134
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 75
Type Polysemy
Language Waorani
Lexeme wẽyæ̃-gã
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 76
Type Polysemy
Language Welsh
Lexeme plentyn
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference Geiriadur
Comment

singulative of plant 'children'

ACCEPTED Realization 77
Type Polysemy
Language White Hmong (Hmong Daw)
Lexeme menyuam
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference World Loanword Database
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 78
Type Polysemy
Language Yaminahua
Lexeme βakɨ
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 79
Type Polysemy
Language Ye'kuana (Maquiritari, Dekwana)
Lexeme nnedɨ
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)
Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)
Reference IDS
Comment

CLICS-3

ACCEPTED Realization 80
Type Polysemy
Language Yir Yoront
Lexeme lerren
Meaning 1 child (son or daughter)

Ngoyo lerrenvm. Warrchuwrr athan, lerrn komrr, pam-keperr athan#/ lerrn yamar-lon.


I am childless. My wife has no children; my sister has many children.

Direction
Meaning 2 child (of age)

Lerrn i kowolh wuw.


Are those children in the water?

Reference Alpher 1991: 249
Comment