to turn, rotate (intr.)
→
to become
25 realizations
Multi-area
Related shifts
| ID | Relation type | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 | |
| 2877 | to return (intr.) | → | to become | Open |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 (ID: 5194) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Ancient Greek | |
| language 2 | Modern Greek | |
| lexeme | μετατρέπω | |
| meaning 1 | to turn back | μετὰ δ᾽ ἐτράπετο (Achilles) turned back |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to transform | |
| reference | Xorikov, Malev 1993: 514 | |
| comment | Probably Modern Greek meaning appeared under influence French convertir. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 (ID: 3434) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Azerbaijani | |
| lexeme | dön- | |
| meaning 1 | to turn (back), to roll over | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to turn into | |
| reference | ARRAL: 81 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 (ID: 4131) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Azerbaijani | |
| lexeme | çevir- | |
| meaning 1 | to turn | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to transform | |
| reference | ARRAL | |
| comment | also çevril- 'to turn over, to turn into' | |
| NEW Realization 5 (ID: 46928) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Basque | |
| lexeme | bihurtu | |
| meaning 1 | to turn, rotate (tr.) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to turn into | |
| reference | Баскско-русский, русско-баскский словарь 1997: 29 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 (ID: 5216) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | English | |
| lexeme | turn | |
| meaning 1 | to move about an axis through itself | turn towards me! повернись ко мне! |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to become | a. to turn sour; b. to turn traitor; 1) ‘сделаться кислым’; |
| reference | English Wiktionary | |
| comment | The English word was borrowed from the Old French tourner 'spin'. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 (ID: 3724) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language 1 | French | |
| language 2 | Portuguese | |
| lexeme 1 | tourner | |
| lexeme 2 | tornar-se | |
| meaning 1 | to rotate, turn | La Terre tourne autour du Soleil. The Earth revolves around the Sun. |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to turn into, to become | |
| reference | Larousse online | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 9 (ID: 23183) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language | Irish Gaelic | |
| lexeme | iompaigh | |
| meaning 1 | to turn, rotate (intr.) | Do cheann a iompu to turn one's head |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to become | d'iompaigh se ina Chaitliceach he became a Catholic |
| reference | Ó Dónaill 1977: 721 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 11 (ID: 26093) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kazakh | |
| lexeme | айналу | |
| meaning 1 | to turn, rotate (intr.) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to turn into, to change into | |
| reference | Syzdykova, Xusain (eds.) 2008: 38 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 (ID: 5076) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kildin Saami | |
| lexeme | коаввсэ | |
| meaning 1 | to turn (back) | коаввэсьт чув гоаррэ кāсвэнѣ turn your face to the north |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to become similar, to turn into | пāррьшя коаввэсьт ажэсь коавва; акэшка коаввэсьт оадзэнѣ The boy started looking similar to his father, the old woman turned into a spider |
| reference | Kuruč 1985: 94 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 22 (ID: 22830) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Turkish | |
| lexeme | dön- | |
| meaning 1 | to turn, rotate (intr.) | tekerlek dönüyor the weel is turning |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to become | bahçeye emek verilince cennete döndü After the efforts applied to a garden it turned into a paradise. |
| reference | Baskakov 1977: 246 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 24 (ID: 41672) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Yuwaalaraay | |
| lexeme | gayarra-y | |
| meaning 1 | to turn around, revolve | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to turn into, transform | |
| reference | Ash et al. 2003: 84 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 25 (ID: 41671) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Yuwaalayaay | |
| lexeme | gayarra-y | |
| meaning 1 | to turn around, revolve | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to turn into, transform | |
| reference | Ash et al. 2003: 84 | |
| comment | ||
Perhaps, the polysemy 'to turn round'/ 'to become' existed in Indo-European root *vert. (Slavic vert-, German werden, Latin vertere) Cf. examples in Фасмер I, 301.