Database of Semantic Shifts in numbers and figures
Key Metrics Changes (compared to 2026-03-09)
| Metric | Current Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| Semantic Shifts | 10294 | +4 |
| Realizations | 48163 | +115 |
| Languages | 2239 | +1 |
| Avg realizations per shift RECORD | 4.68 | +0.01 |
| Indo-European % | 39.96% | +0.03 |
| Languages with 100+ realizations | 124 | 0 |
| Shifts with 0-1 realizations | 4056 (39.4%) | -13 |
| Global shifts (all macroareas) | 42 | 0 |
| Multi-area shifts | 2113 | +3 |
| Shift graph consists of | 135 separate graphs; largest: 4558 connected meanings | — |
Status Distribution
Accepted
5035
0
Single
972
0
Single*
298
0
New
3845
+6
Accepted*
2
0
Suspended
119
-2
Data Quality
| Single with 2+ realizations (anomaly) | 32 |
| Single* with 2+ realizations (anomaly) | 18 |
| Shifts with 100+ realizations | 22 |
| Threshold for top-30 shifts | 80 realizations |
Language Trends (Top 30)
1
Russian
(2604)
2
Turkish
(1673)
3
English
(1317)
4
Serbian
(863)
↑1
5
Romanian
(853)
↓-1
6
French
(844)
7
Latin
(836)
8
German
(804)
9
Spanish
(778)
10
Ancient Greek
(775)
11
Hungarian
(742)
12
Croatian
(642)
13
Mongolian (Khalkha)
(563)
14
Mandarin Chinese
(534)
15
Classical Arabic
(518)
16
Italian
(487)
17
Polish
(420)
18
Sanskrit
(417)
19
Tamil
(402)
20
Swedish
(398)
21
Ukrainian
(381)
22
Finnish
(381)
23
Thai
(363)
24
Japanese
(360)
25
Czech
(357)
26
Armenian
(355)
27
Danish
(350)
28
Komi
(344)
29
Norwegian
(341)
30
Amharic
(339)
Macro Shift Trends (Top 20 Upper Categories)
By Realizations: Each realization adds +1 to the macroshift count (shifts with more realizations weigh more).
1
Human Beings → Human Beings
(8220)
↑1
Human Beings → Human Beings
2350
Human Beings → Human Beings. Kinship
1334
Human Beings. Kinship → Human Beings
946
Human Beings. Age → Human Beings
550
Human Beings. Kinship → Human Beings. Kinship
479
2
Animals → Animals
(6280)
↓-1
Animals → Animals
1430
Animals. Mammals → Animals
671
Animals → Animals. Mammals
589
Animals. Mammals → Animals. Mammals
499
Animals → Animals. Arthropods
306
3
Body Parts → Body Parts
(2599)
↑6
Body Parts → Body Parts
1700
Body Parts → Body Parts. Animal Body Parts
515
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Body Parts
246
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Body Parts. Animal Body Parts
138
4
Artifacts → Artifacts
(2395)
Artifacts → Artifacts
785
Artifacts. Weapons → Artifacts
153
Artifacts → Artifacts. Game Accessories
114
Artifacts → Artifacts. Tools
103
Artifacts. Tools → Artifacts
94
5
Plants → Plants
(2241)
↓-2
Plants → Plants
543
Plants. Cultivated Plants → Plants
283
Plants → Plants. Cultivated Plants
235
Plants. Cultivated Plants → Plants. Cultivated Plants
230
Plants. Trees and Shrubs → Plants
196
6
Physical Properties → Physical Properties
(1991)
↓-1
Physical Properties → Physical Properties
760
Physical Properties. Size → Physical Properties
258
Physical Properties → Physical Properties. Size
147
Physical Properties. Colour → Physical Properties
146
Physical Properties → Physical Properties. Sound
111
7
Astronomical Objects → Time
(1828)
NEW
Astronomical Objects → Time
1150
Astronomical Objects → Time. Months
494
Astronomical Objects → Time. Days of the week
154
Astronomical Objects → Time. Parts of the day
16
Astronomical Objects → Time. Seasons
14
8
Body Parts → Parts
(1607)
↓-2
Body Parts → Parts
757
Body Parts → Parts. Parts of Artifacts
365
Body Parts → Parts. Parts of Plants
244
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Parts
73
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Parts. Parts of Plants
68
9
Human Beings → Artifacts
(1359)
NEW
Human Beings → Artifacts. Game Accessories
349
Human Beings → Artifacts
346
Human Beings. Social Status → Artifacts. Game Accessories
187
Human Beings. Social Status → Artifacts
177
Human Beings. Professions → Artifacts. Game Accessories
130
10
Time → Time
(1304)
↑6
Time → Time
687
Time. Parts of the day → Time
175
Time. Seasons → Time
121
Time → Time. Months
70
Time. Days of the week → Time
54
11
Animals → Artifacts
(1188)
↑6
Animals → Artifacts
307
Animals. Domestic Animals → Artifacts
130
Animals → Artifacts. Game Accessories
111
Animals → Artifacts. Devices
95
Animals. Domestic Animals → Artifacts. Game Accessories
77
12
Human Beings → Animals
(1079)
↓-5
Human Beings → Animals
363
Human Beings. Social Status → Animals
95
Human Beings → Animals. Mammals
74
Human Beings. Professions → Animals
74
Human Beings → Animals. Birds
73
13
Physical Properties → Evaluation
(1076)
Physical Properties → Evaluation
641
Physical Properties. Shape → Evaluation
216
Physical Properties. Size → Evaluation
114
Physical Properties. Colour → Evaluation
57
Physical Properties. Light → Evaluation
24
14
Physical Properties → Human Qualities
(1059)
↓-3
Physical Properties → Human Qualities
714
Physical Properties. Shape → Human Qualities
122
Physical Properties. Temperature → Human Qualities
84
Physical Properties. Light → Human Qualities
53
Physical Properties. Colour → Human Qualities
41
15
Animals → Plants
(936)
↓-7
Animals → Plants
208
Animals → Plants. Herbaceous Plants
110
Animals → Plants. Mushrooms
77
Animals. Mammals → Plants
70
Animals. Birds → Plants. Herbaceous Plants
56
16
Animals → Human Beings
(926)
↓-6
Animals → Human Beings
323
Animals. Mammals → Human Beings
136
Animals. Domestic Animals → Human Beings
75
Animals → Human Beings. Social Status
51
Animals. Baby Animals → Human Beings
46
17
Perception → Cognition
(861)
NEW
Perception → Cognition
436
Perception. Auditory → Cognition
194
Perception. Visual → Cognition
193
Perception. Gustatory → Cognition
28
Perception. Olfactory → Cognition
8
18
Physical Properties → Human Beings
(818)
NEW
Physical Properties → Human Beings
186
Physical Properties → Human Beings. Age
171
Physical Properties. Size → Human Beings
117
Physical Properties. Size → Human Beings. Age
111
Physical Properties. Colour → Human Beings
67
19
Substances and Materials → Substances and Materials
(790)
NEW
Substances and Materials → Substances and Materials
790
20
Perception → Social Actions and Relations
(790)
NEW
Perception → Social Actions and Relations
391
Perception. Auditory → Social Actions and Relations
245
Perception. Visual → Social Actions and Relations
143
Perception. Tactile → Social Actions and Relations
8
Perception. Gustatory → Social Actions and Relations
3
Historical Trends
