Database of Semantic Shifts in numbers and figures
Key Metrics Changes (compared to 2026-04-26)
| Metric | Current Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| Semantic Shifts | 10434 | +6 |
| Realizations | 49459 | +161 |
| Languages | 2328 | +13 |
| Avg realizations per shift RECORD | 4.74 | +0.01 |
| Indo-European % | 39.74% | +0.01 |
| Languages with 100+ realizations | 126 | 0 |
| Shifts with 0-1 realizations | 4061 (38.92%) | -7 |
| Global shifts (all macroareas) | 44 | +1 |
| Multi-area shifts | 2189 | +6 |
| Shift graph consists of | 137 separate graphs; largest: 4594 connected meanings | — |
Status Distribution
Accepted
5115
+7
Single
972
+7
Single*
276
0
New
3928
-8
Accepted*
2
0
Suspended
118
0
Data Quality
| Single with 2+ realizations (anomaly) | 4 |
| Single* with 2+ realizations (anomaly) | 3 |
| Shifts with 100+ realizations | 24 |
| Threshold for top-30 shifts | 82 realizations |
Language Trends (Top 30)
1
Russian
(2626)
2
Turkish
(1680)
3
English
(1339)
4
Romanian
(903)
5
Latin
(886)
↑1
6
Serbian
(882)
↓-1
7
French
(856)
8
German
(814)
9
Spanish
(795)
10
Ancient Greek
(780)
11
Hungarian
(761)
12
Croatian
(658)
13
Mongolian (Khalkha)
(579)
14
Mandarin Chinese
(541)
15
Classical Arabic
(520)
16
Italian
(500)
17
Polish
(428)
18
Sanskrit
(425)
19
Tamil
(404)
↑1
20
Swedish
(404)
↓-1
21
Ukrainian
(391)
22
Finnish
(387)
23
Thai
(367)
24
Czech
(363)
25
Japanese
(362)
26
Armenian
(359)
27
Danish
(356)
28
Norwegian
(347)
29
Komi
(345)
30
Amharic
(340)
Macro Shift Trends (Top 20 Upper Categories)
By Realizations: Each realization adds +1 to the macroshift count (shifts with more realizations weigh more).
1
Human Beings → Human Beings
(7948)
↑1
Human Beings → Human Beings
2186
Human Beings → Human Beings. Kinship
1340
Human Beings. Kinship → Human Beings
767
Human Beings. Age → Human Beings
542
Human Beings. Kinship → Human Beings. Kinship
481
2
Animals → Animals
(6233)
↓-1
Animals → Animals
1393
Animals. Mammals → Animals
649
Animals → Animals. Mammals
597
Animals. Mammals → Animals. Mammals
499
Animals → Animals. Arthropods
302
3
Body Parts → Body Parts
(3688)
↑3
Body Parts → Body Parts
1705
Body Parts → Body Parts. Animal Body Parts
518
Body Parts. Internal Organs → Body Parts. Internal Organs
475
Body Parts. Internal Organs → Body Parts
449
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Body Parts
247
4
Plants → Plants
(2252)
↓-1
Plants → Plants
533
Plants. Cultivated Plants → Plants
291
Plants. Cultivated Plants → Plants. Cultivated Plants
239
Plants → Plants. Cultivated Plants
234
Plants. Trees and Shrubs → Plants
195
5
Artifacts → Artifacts
(2228)
↓-1
Artifacts → Artifacts
691
Artifacts. Weapons → Artifacts
135
Artifacts → Artifacts. Devices
105
Artifacts → Artifacts. Tools
97
Artifacts. Tools → Artifacts
92
6
Physical Properties → Physical Properties
(1828)
↓-1
Physical Properties → Physical Properties
644
Physical Properties. Size → Physical Properties
253
Physical Properties. Colour → Physical Properties
148
Physical Properties → Physical Properties. Size
104
Physical Properties. Size → Physical Properties. Size
98
7
Astronomical Objects → Time
(1808)
NEW
Astronomical Objects → Time
1129
Astronomical Objects → Time. Months
495
Astronomical Objects → Time. Days of the week
154
Astronomical Objects → Time. Parts of the day
16
Astronomical Objects → Time. Seasons
14
8
Body Parts → Parts
(1680)
↓-1
Body Parts → Parts
741
Body Parts → Parts. Parts of Artifacts
368
Body Parts → Parts. Parts of Plants
244
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Parts
70
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Parts. Parts of Plants
68
9
Human Beings → Artifacts
(1365)
NEW
Human Beings → Artifacts
349
Human Beings → Artifacts. Game Accessories
347
Human Beings. Social Status → Artifacts. Game Accessories
187
Human Beings. Social Status → Artifacts
177
Human Beings. Professions → Artifacts. Game Accessories
130
10
Time → Time
(1164)
NEW
Time → Time
584
Time. Parts of the day → Time
182
Time. Seasons → Time
108
Time → Time. Months
56
Time. Days of the week → Time
54
11
Animals → Artifacts
(1098)
NEW
Animals → Artifacts
268
Animals → Artifacts. Game Accessories
107
Animals. Domestic Animals → Artifacts
97
Animals → Artifacts. Devices
95
Animals. Domestic Animals → Artifacts. Game Accessories
77
12
Human Beings → Animals
(1083)
↓-4
Human Beings → Animals
361
Human Beings. Social Status → Animals
93
Human Beings → Animals. Mammals
78
Human Beings. Professions → Animals
74
Human Beings → Animals. Birds
73
13
Physical Properties → Evaluation
(1071)
↑2
Physical Properties → Evaluation
625
Physical Properties. Shape → Evaluation
227
Physical Properties. Size → Evaluation
114
Physical Properties. Colour → Evaluation
57
Physical Properties. Light → Evaluation
24
14
Physical Properties → Human Qualities
(1043)
↓-3
Physical Properties → Human Qualities
689
Physical Properties. Shape → Human Qualities
116
Physical Properties. Temperature → Human Qualities
85
Physical Properties. Light → Human Qualities
52
Physical Properties. Size → Human Qualities
40
15
Artifacts → Body Parts
(1007)
↓-3
Artifacts → Body Parts
264
Artifacts → Body Parts. Internal Organs
167
Artifacts → Body Parts. Animal Body Parts
124
Artifacts. Tools → Body Parts. Internal Organs
82
Artifacts. Tools → Body Parts
73
16
Animals → Human Beings
(999)
↓-6
Animals → Human Beings
355
Animals. Mammals → Human Beings
134
Animals. Domestic Animals → Human Beings
75
Animals. Birds → Human Beings
59
Animals → Human Beings. Social Status
49
17
Animals → Plants
(975)
↓-8
Animals → Plants
215
Animals → Plants. Herbaceous Plants
119
Animals. Mammals → Plants
83
Animals → Plants. Mushrooms
77
Animals. Birds → Plants. Herbaceous Plants
56
18
Perception → Cognition
(863)
NEW
Perception → Cognition
437
Perception. Auditory → Cognition
194
Perception. Visual → Cognition
194
Perception. Gustatory → Cognition
28
Perception. Olfactory → Cognition
8
19
Substances and Materials → Substances and Materials
(862)
NEW
Substances and Materials → Substances and Materials
862
20
Physical Properties → Human Beings
(839)
NEW
Physical Properties → Human Beings
194
Physical Properties → Human Beings. Age
185
Physical Properties. Size → Human Beings. Age
117
Physical Properties. Size → Human Beings
116
Physical Properties. Colour → Human Beings
77
Historical Trends
