Database of Semantic Shifts in numbers and figures
Key Metrics Changes (compared to 2026-06-03)
| Metric | Current Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| Semantic Shifts | 10498 | +4 |
| Realizations | 50196 | +73 |
| Languages | 2352 | +6 |
| Avg realizations per shift RECORD | 4.78 | 0 |
| Indo-European % | 39.93% | +0.01 |
| Languages with 100+ realizations | 127 | 0 |
| Shifts with 0-1 realizations | 4058 (38.65%) | -3 |
| Global shifts (all macroareas) | 45 | 0 |
| Multi-area shifts | 2210 | +2 |
| Shift graph consists of | 136 separate graphs; largest: 4616 connected meanings | — |
Status Distribution
Accepted
5127
+4
Single
984
+2
Single*
276
0
New
3971
-2
Accepted*
2
0
Suspended
115
0
Data Quality
| Single with 2+ realizations (anomaly) | 12 |
| Single* with 2+ realizations (anomaly) | 3 |
| Shifts with 100+ realizations | 25 |
| Threshold for top-30 shifts | 83 realizations |
Language Trends (Top 30)
1
Russian
(2636)
2
Turkish
(1682)
3
English
(1346)
4
Romanian
(907)
5
Serbian
(895)
6
Latin
(892)
7
French
(861)
8
German
(822)
9
Spanish
(798)
10
Ancient Greek
(785)
11
Hungarian
(767)
12
Croatian
(669)
13
Mongolian (Khalkha)
(587)
14
Mandarin Chinese
(546)
15
Classical Arabic
(522)
16
Italian
(502)
17
Sanskrit
(447)
18
Polish
(445)
19
Tamil
(414)
20
Swedish
(411)
21
Ukrainian
(398)
22
Finnish
(395)
23
Czech
(391)
24
Thai
(369)
25
Japanese
(366)
26
Danish
(363)
27
Armenian
(362)
28
Norwegian
(350)
29
Komi
(345)
30
Amharic
(341)
Macro Shift Trends (Top 20 Upper Categories)
By Shifts: Each semantic shift is counted once, regardless of how many realizations it has.
1
Animals → Animals
(1279)
Animals → Animals
288
Animals. Mammals → Animals
135
Animals → Animals. Mammals
117
Animals. Mammals → Animals. Mammals
100
Animals → Animals. Birds
72
2
Human Beings → Human Beings
(1028)
Human Beings → Human Beings
235
Human Beings. Kinship → Human Beings
135
Human Beings → Human Beings. Kinship
124
Human Beings. Kinship → Human Beings. Kinship
97
Human Beings → Human Beings. Social Status
58
3
Plants → Plants
(610)
Plants → Plants
131
Plants. Trees and Shrubs → Plants
65
Plants. Trees and Shrubs → Plants. Trees and Shrubs
60
Plants. Cultivated Plants → Plants
55
Plants → Plants. Cultivated Plants
51
4
Artifacts → Artifacts
(496)
Artifacts → Artifacts
157
Artifacts → Artifacts. Tools
33
Artifacts. Weapons → Artifacts
29
Artifacts. Tools → Artifacts
28
Artifacts → Artifacts. Weapons
20
5
Physical Properties → Physical Properties
(377)
Physical Properties → Physical Properties
136
Physical Properties. Size → Physical Properties
41
Physical Properties. Colour → Physical Properties
23
Physical Properties → Physical Properties. Sound
22
Physical Properties → Physical Properties. Size
17
6
Body Parts → Body Parts
(357)
Body Parts → Body Parts
175
Body Parts → Body Parts. Animal Body Parts
45
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Body Parts
36
Body Parts. Internal Organs → Body Parts
30
Body Parts. Internal Organs → Body Parts. Internal Organs
30
7
Body Parts → Parts
(332)
Body Parts → Parts
129
Body Parts → Parts. Parts of Artifacts
76
Body Parts → Parts. Parts of Plants
43
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Parts
20
Body Parts → Parts. Parts of Buildings
17
8
Human Beings → Animals
(306)
Human Beings → Animals
78
Human Beings. Professions → Animals
26
Human Beings → Animals. Birds
25
Human Beings → Animals. Arthropods
22
Human Beings. Social Status → Animals
22
9
Animals → Plants
(277)
Animals → Plants
59
Animals → Plants. Herbaceous Plants
38
Animals. Mammals → Plants
26
Animals → Plants. Mushrooms
19
Animals. Mammals → Plants. Herbaceous Plants
12
10
Animals → Human Beings
(235)
Animals → Human Beings
68
Animals. Mammals → Human Beings
25
Animals → Human Beings. Social Status
19
Animals. Birds → Human Beings
15
Animals. Domestic Animals → Human Beings
14
11
Artifacts → Body Parts
(218)
Artifacts → Body Parts
71
Artifacts → Body Parts. Internal Organs
32
Artifacts → Body Parts. Animal Body Parts
25
Artifacts. Tools → Body Parts
18
Artifacts. Tools → Body Parts. Animal Body Parts
10
12
Physical Properties → Human Qualities
(217)
Physical Properties → Human Qualities
136
Physical Properties. Shape → Human Qualities
25
Physical Properties. Size → Human Qualities
16
Physical Properties. Temperature → Human Qualities
13
Physical Properties. Colour → Human Qualities
13
13
Artifacts → Animals
(210)
Artifacts → Animals
55
Artifacts. Tools → Animals
21
Artifacts → Animals. Invertebrates
17
Artifacts → Animals. Arthropods
16
Artifacts. Weapons → Animals
12
14
Body Parts → Artifacts
(199)
Body Parts → Artifacts
76
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Artifacts
24
Body Parts → Artifacts. Tools
17
Body Parts → Artifacts. Clothes and Footwear
10
Body Parts → Artifacts. Weapons
10
15
Physical Properties → Evaluation
(194)
Physical Properties → Evaluation
118
Physical Properties. Shape → Evaluation
21
Physical Properties. Size → Evaluation
18
Physical Properties. Colour → Evaluation
17
Physical Properties. Light → Evaluation
10
16
Physical Actions → Physical Actions
(192)
Physical Actions → Physical Actions
192
17
Physical Properties → Animals
(190)
Physical Properties → Animals
44
Physical Properties. Colour → Animals
29
Physical Properties → Animals. Birds
15
Physical Properties → Animals. Mammals
13
Physical Properties. Colour → Animals. Birds
12
18
Body Parts → Geography
(182)
Body Parts → Geography
71
Body Parts → Geography. Terrain
42
Body Parts → Geography. Coastal Landforms
18
Body Parts → Geography. Water bodies
16
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Geography
12
19
Physical Actions → Social Actions and Relations
(166)
Physical Actions → Social Actions and Relations
166
20
Body Parts → Animals
(165)
Body Parts → Animals
48
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Animals
26
Body Parts → Animals. Mammals
21
Body Parts → Animals. Birds
13
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Animals. Mammals
12
Historical Trends
