Database of Semantic Shifts in numbers and figures
Key Metrics Changes (compared to 2026-06-10)
| Metric | Current Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| Semantic Shifts | 10508 | +10 |
| Realizations | 50308 | +112 |
| Languages | 2365 | +13 |
| Avg realizations per shift RECORD | 4.79 | +0.01 |
| Indo-European % | 39.98% | +0.05 |
| Languages with 100+ realizations | 127 | 0 |
| Shifts with 0-1 realizations | 4060 (38.64%) | +2 |
| Global shifts (all macroareas) | 45 | 0 |
| Multi-area shifts | 2211 | +1 |
| Shift graph consists of | 135 separate graphs; largest: 4618 connected meanings | — |
Status Distribution
Accepted
5130
+3
Single
991
+7
Single*
275
-1
New
3972
+1
Accepted*
2
0
Suspended
115
0
Data Quality
| Single with 2+ realizations (anomaly) | 12 |
| Single* with 2+ realizations (anomaly) | 4 |
| Shifts with 100+ realizations | 26 |
| Threshold for top-30 shifts | 85 realizations |
Language Trends (Top 30)
1
Russian
(2642)
2
Turkish
(1682)
3
English
(1356)
4
Romanian
(907)
5
Serbian
(895)
6
Latin
(892)
7
French
(865)
8
German
(825)
9
Spanish
(803)
10
Ancient Greek
(786)
11
Hungarian
(769)
12
Croatian
(669)
13
Mongolian (Khalkha)
(587)
14
Mandarin Chinese
(547)
15
Classical Arabic
(522)
16
Italian
(505)
17
Sanskrit
(448)
18
Polish
(446)
19
Swedish
(416)
↑1
20
Tamil
(414)
↓-1
21
Ukrainian
(399)
22
Finnish
(395)
23
Czech
(391)
24
Thai
(370)
25
Japanese
(367)
26
Danish
(366)
27
Armenian
(363)
28
Norwegian
(354)
29
Komi
(345)
30
Amharic
(341)
Macro Shift Trends (Top 20 Upper Categories)
By Shifts: Each semantic shift is counted once, regardless of how many realizations it has.
1
Animals → Animals
(1270)
Animals → Animals
284
Animals. Mammals → Animals
134
Animals → Animals. Mammals
117
Animals. Mammals → Animals. Mammals
100
Animals → Animals. Birds
72
2
Human Beings → Human Beings
(989)
Human Beings → Human Beings
218
Human Beings. Kinship → Human Beings
125
Human Beings → Human Beings. Kinship
117
Human Beings. Kinship → Human Beings. Kinship
97
Human Beings → Human Beings. Social Status
57
3
Plants → Plants
(600)
Plants → Plants
127
Plants. Trees and Shrubs → Plants
65
Plants. Trees and Shrubs → Plants. Trees and Shrubs
60
Plants. Cultivated Plants → Plants
52
Plants → Plants. Trees and Shrubs
50
4
Artifacts → Artifacts
(494)
Artifacts → Artifacts
156
Artifacts → Artifacts. Tools
33
Artifacts. Weapons → Artifacts
29
Artifacts. Tools → Artifacts
28
Artifacts → Artifacts. Weapons
20
5
Physical Properties → Physical Properties
(378)
Physical Properties → Physical Properties
137
Physical Properties. Size → Physical Properties
41
Physical Properties. Colour → Physical Properties
23
Physical Properties → Physical Properties. Sound
22
Physical Properties → Physical Properties. Size
17
6
Body Parts → Body Parts
(354)
Body Parts → Body Parts
173
Body Parts → Body Parts. Animal Body Parts
44
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Body Parts
36
Body Parts. Internal Organs → Body Parts. Internal Organs
30
Body Parts. Internal Organs → Body Parts
30
7
Body Parts → Parts
(330)
Body Parts → Parts
128
Body Parts → Parts. Parts of Artifacts
76
Body Parts → Parts. Parts of Plants
42
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Parts
20
Body Parts → Parts. Parts of Buildings
17
8
Human Beings → Animals
(302)
Human Beings → Animals
76
Human Beings. Professions → Animals
26
Human Beings → Animals. Birds
25
Human Beings. Social Status → Animals
22
Human Beings → Animals. Arthropods
22
9
Animals → Plants
(272)
Animals → Plants
57
Animals → Plants. Herbaceous Plants
38
Animals. Mammals → Plants
24
Animals → Plants. Mushrooms
19
Animals. Mammals → Plants. Herbaceous Plants
12
10
Animals → Human Beings
(235)
Animals → Human Beings
68
Animals. Mammals → Human Beings
25
Animals → Human Beings. Social Status
19
Animals. Birds → Human Beings
15
Animals. Domestic Animals → Human Beings
14
11
Physical Properties → Human Qualities
(218)
↑1
Physical Properties → Human Qualities
137
Physical Properties. Shape → Human Qualities
25
Physical Properties. Size → Human Qualities
16
Physical Properties. Temperature → Human Qualities
13
Physical Properties. Colour → Human Qualities
13
12
Artifacts → Body Parts
(213)
↓-1
Artifacts → Body Parts
69
Artifacts → Body Parts. Internal Organs
31
Artifacts → Body Parts. Animal Body Parts
25
Artifacts. Tools → Body Parts
18
Artifacts. Tools → Body Parts. Animal Body Parts
10
13
Artifacts → Animals
(206)
Artifacts → Animals
53
Artifacts. Tools → Animals
21
Artifacts → Animals. Invertebrates
17
Artifacts → Animals. Arthropods
16
Artifacts. Weapons → Animals
11
14
Physical Properties → Evaluation
(198)
↑1
Physical Properties → Evaluation
121
Physical Properties. Shape → Evaluation
21
Physical Properties. Size → Evaluation
18
Physical Properties. Colour → Evaluation
17
Physical Properties. Light → Evaluation
10
15
Body Parts → Artifacts
(198)
↓-1
Body Parts → Artifacts
75
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Artifacts
24
Body Parts → Artifacts. Tools
17
Body Parts → Artifacts. Weapons
10
Body Parts → Artifacts. Clothes and Footwear
10
16
Physical Actions → Physical Actions
(192)
Physical Actions → Physical Actions
192
17
Physical Properties → Animals
(188)
Physical Properties → Animals
43
Physical Properties. Colour → Animals
28
Physical Properties → Animals. Birds
15
Physical Properties → Animals. Mammals
13
Physical Properties. Colour → Animals. Birds
12
18
Body Parts → Geography
(182)
Body Parts → Geography
71
Body Parts → Geography. Terrain
42
Body Parts → Geography. Coastal Landforms
18
Body Parts → Geography. Water bodies
16
Body Parts. Animal Body Parts → Geography
12
19
Physical Actions → Social Actions and Relations
(166)
Physical Actions → Social Actions and Relations
166
20
Animals → Artifacts
(165)
NEW
Animals → Artifacts
39
Animals. Birds → Artifacts
14
Animals → Artifacts. Devices
10
Animals → Artifacts. Game Accessories
8
Animals. Arthropods → Artifacts
8
Historical Trends
