to carry
→
pregnant
11 realizations
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Semantic evolution | |
| Language 1 | Old High German | |
| Language 2 | Dutch | |
| Lexeme 1 | tragan | |
| Lexeme 2 | drachling | |
| Meaning 1 | to carry | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | pregnant | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Buck 284 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | German | |
| Lexeme 1 | tragen | |
| Lexeme 2 | trächtig | |
| Meaning 1 | to carry | den Sack auf dem Rücken tragen to carry a sack on one's back |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | pregnant (animal) | die Katze ist schon wieder trächtig the cat is pregnant again |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Duden 3937, 3939; Kluge 923 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme | nosit' | |
| Meaning 1 | to carry | Рабочие носили цемент |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to bear (a child) | "Родить ничего, но носить - вот что мучительно, - подумала она, представив себе свою последнюю беременность." Лев Толстой. Анна Каренина. "Giving birth is nothing, but carrying a child in the womb is a torture", - she thought imagining her last pregnancy |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Cf. also вынашивать (ребенка) 'to bear a child', доносить/недоносить (ребенка) 'to give birth in time/to give birth prematurely', на сносях 'big with child', понести 'забеременеть' (to get pregnant). | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Lithuanian | |
| Lexeme 1 | nešti | |
| Lexeme 2 | neščia | |
| Meaning 1 | carry | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | pregnant | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Buck 284 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Classical Arabic | |
| Lexeme 1 | ḥamala | |
| Lexeme 2 | ḥamalat | |
| Meaning 1 | to carry | ḥamalat ḥaml-an ḫafīf-an 'she bore a light burden' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to become pregnant | ḥamalat walad-a-hā 'she became with her child' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Lane 647, 649 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Farsi | |
| Lexeme | حمل ḥaml | |
| Meaning 1 | carrying, transporting | حمل بار ḥaml-e bār loading |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | pregnant | حمل كاذب ḥaml-e kāḏab pseudopregnancy |
| Reference | Rubinčik 1970: 519 | |
| Comment | ПРС 279. Possibly a borrowing from Arabic (cf. The example above). | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Breton | |
| Lexeme 1 | dougen | |
| Lexeme 2 | dougarez | |
| Meaning 1 | bear | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | pregnant | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Buck 284.dougarez - fem. from douger 'bearer' | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Ancient Greek | |
| Lexeme 1 | φέρω | |
| Lexeme 2 | φορτίον | |
| Meaning 1 | to carry | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | fruit of the womb (lit. burden) | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Karakhanid Uighur | |
| Lexeme | кутур- | |
| Meaning 1 | to carry | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to get pregnant | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | МК 3371 | |
| NEW Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Turkish | |
| Lexeme | hamil | |
| Meaning 1 | having a burden, carrying | 1) mektubu hamil
2) kömür hamil vapur 1) the one who braught the letter 2) a steamboat carrying coal |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | pregnancy | hamil vakti period of pregnancy |
| Reference | Baskakov 1977: 381 | |
| Comment | Cf. also hamile 'pregnant woman' | |
| NEW Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tundra Yukaghir | |
| Lexeme | вэльиньэ- | |
| Meaning 1 | to carry, to bear the burden | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to be pregnant | |
| Reference | Kurilov 2001: 77 | |
| Comment | ||