| ID |
Shift |
Language |
Lexeme |
Meaning 1 |
Dir |
Meaning 2 |
|
| #6 |
to think, consider → to remember, recall |
Tundra Yukaghir |
чуңдэ- / чуңрэңории- |
to think |
→ |
keep constantly in mind, constantly think about someone, remember, recall |
Open realization |
| #12 |
to calculate, count → to read |
Tundra Yukaghir |
чуҥ- |
to calculate, count |
— |
to read |
Open realization |
| #18 |
to hear / to listen ↔ to understand |
Tundra Yukaghir |
мөри- |
to hear / to listen |
→ |
to understand |
Open realization |
| #34 |
to hear / to listen → to obey |
Tundra Yukaghir |
мөри- |
to hear |
→ |
to obey |
Open realization |
| #47 |
abdomen / belly → seat of emotions |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ньиҥиэ |
stomach, abdomen |
→ |
mood |
Open realization |
| #68 |
morning ↔ tomorrow |
Tundra Yukaghir |
эгуойиэ |
morning |
— |
tomorrow |
Open realization |
| #98 |
hard, solid → obstinate, persistent |
Tundra Yukaghir |
икльаму- |
to become hard, solid |
→ |
to become stubborn |
Open realization |
| #99 |
to search, look for → to ask for, request |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ваҥчи- |
to search, to look for |
→ |
to ask (for) |
Open realization |
| #359 |
to touch → to offend (tr.) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
антэс- |
to touch |
→ |
to offend (tr.) |
Open realization |
| #366 |
heavy (vs. light) → difficult |
Tundra Yukaghir |
иральал- |
to be heavy (of weight) |
→ |
t be difficult |
Open realization |
| #366 |
heavy (vs. light) → difficult |
Tundra Yukaghir |
иральиал- |
to be heavy (of weight) |
→ |
to be difficult |
Open realization |
| #374 |
to hide (tr.) → to steal |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аҕирич- |
to hide (tr.) |
→ |
to steal |
Open realization |
| #477 |
mouth → mouth (of a river) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аҥа / аҥиль |
mouth |
→ |
mouth (of a river) |
Open realization |
| #482 |
mouth → opening, hole |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аҥа |
mouth |
→ |
opening, hole |
Open realization |
| #575 |
girl ↔ daughter |
Tundra Yukaghir |
paːdʲeduo |
girl |
— |
daughter |
Open realization |
| #710 |
in front of → before (temporal) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
кэйэн |
in front of |
→ |
before (temporal) |
Open realization |
| #744 |
tongue (body part) → language |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ванар |
tongue (body part) |
→ |
language |
Open realization |
| #796 |
to carry → pregnant |
Tundra Yukaghir |
вэльиньэ- |
to carry, to bear the burden |
→ |
to be pregnant |
Open realization |
| #848 |
evening → yesterday |
Tundra Yukaghir |
авйааҕар / авйаа |
evening |
← |
yesterday |
Open realization |
| #856 |
moon → month |
Tundra Yukaghir |
киндьэ |
moon |
→ |
month |
Open realization |
| #872 |
old woman → wife |
Tundra Yukaghir |
апаналаа |
old woman |
→ |
wife |
Open realization |
| #904 |
wind ↔ air |
Tundra Yukaghir |
илийэ |
air |
— |
wind |
Open realization |
| #923 |
naked, bare → bald, hairless |
Tundra Yukaghir |
арав / аравйаа |
naked, bare |
→ |
bald |
Open realization |
| #963 |
good → very, of high degree |
Tundra Yukaghir |
амутнэ |
good (adv.) |
→ |
very |
Open realization |
| #993 |
to know → to understand |
Tundra Yukaghir |
курильии- |
to know |
→ |
to understand |
Open realization |
| #993 |
to know → to understand |
Tundra Yukaghir |
олдич- |
to know |
→ |
to understand |
Open realization |
| #1017 |
straight → honest |
Tundra Yukaghir |
йатаҕай- / йатархадэлэк |
straight |
→ |
honestly |
Open realization |
| #1171 |
heart ↔ seat of emotions |
Tundra Yukaghir |
сугудьэ(ҥ) |
heart |
— |
location of emotions |
Open realization |
| #1326 |
to hide (tr.) ↔ to bury, inter |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аҕитэ- |
to hide (tr.) |
→ |
(euphemism) to bury |
Open realization |
| #1329 |
old man/grandfather → bear (Ursus) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
хайчиэ / хайчиэтэгэ |
old man/grandfather |
→ |
bear (Ursus) |
Open realization |
| #1343 |
wing → fin |
Tundra Yukaghir |
уйэ(ҥ) / альҕадуйэ |
wing |
→ |
fin |
Open realization |
| #1347 |
to fall asleep → to grow numb |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ааваа- |
to go to bed |
— |
to get numb (body parts) |
Open realization |
| #1348 |
to fall asleep → to ice over |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ааваа- |
to go to bed |
— |
to freeze over, to catch (body of water) |
Open realization |
| #1350 |
to go away → to die |
Tundra Yukaghir |
кэвэй- |
to go away |
→ |
to die |
Open realization |
| #1359 |
firm, durable ↔ healthy |
Tundra Yukaghir |
вар- |
to be firm, solid |
→ |
to be healthy, tenacious |
Open realization |
| #1381 |
coast, shore ↔ edge, border |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аҕил |
coast |
— |
edge, border |
Open realization |
| #1391 |
to sing → to glorify |
Tundra Yukaghir |
йахтэ- / йахтиильэ- |
to sing |
→ |
to glorify |
Open realization |
| #1453 |
footprint, track → road |
Tundra Yukaghir |
йавул |
footprint, track |
→ |
road |
Open realization |
| #1472 |
earth, soil → country, land |
Tundra Yukaghir |
лукул |
earth, soil |
→ |
terrain, locality |
Open realization |
| #1534 |
mold (fungal) — rust (n.) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
атилэ |
mold |
— |
rust (n.) |
Open realization |
| #1557 |
bitter ↔ bile, gall |
Tundra Yukaghir |
валдьуу- / валдьмдьэ |
to be bitter |
→ |
bile, gall |
Open realization |
| #1619 |
mad, insane ↔ rabid |
Tundra Yukaghir |
иимиэ- |
to become insane |
← |
to become rabid |
Open realization |
| #1646 |
bone → stone (of a fruit) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
амун |
bone |
→ |
stone (of a fruit, in canned compote) |
Open realization |
| #1659 |
Russian → bedbug (Cimex lectularius) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ваавэч / ваавэч пимэ |
Russian |
→ |
bedbug (Cimex lectularius) |
Open realization |
| #1701 |
breath, breathing → animal |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аҕараану- / аҕарэндьэрукун |
to breath |
→ |
live being, animal |
Open realization |
| #1807 |
to see/to look at → to guard |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ворпэри |
to see/to look at |
— |
to guard |
Open realization |
| #1840 |
sky → weather |
Tundra Yukaghir |
сукун |
sky |
— |
weather |
Open realization |
| #1985 |
silver ↔ money |
Tundra Yukaghir |
поҕодэ(ҥ) |
silver |
— |
money |
Open realization |
| #2013 |
willow → young people |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ваарачил |
Siberian violet-willow |
→ |
young people |
Open realization |
| #2125 |
to stand → to take place |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аҕуол- |
to stand |
→ |
to be, to take place |
Open realization |
| #2238 |
hard, solid → difficult |
Tundra Yukaghir |
икльал- |
hard, solid |
— |
difficult |
Open realization |
| #2376 |
red → gold |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ньамучэнь / ньамучэньил поҕодэ |
to be red |
→ |
gold |
Open realization |
| #2586 |
textile, cloth → headscarf |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ваҕадиилиэ |
textile, cloth |
— |
headscarf |
Open realization |
| #2692 |
one's own → german (brother or sister) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ваҕанэ, ваҕинэ |
one's own |
→ |
german (brother or sister); having the same mother but a different father (brother or sister) |
Open realization |
| #2804 |
gold ↔ money |
Tundra Yukaghir |
поҕодэ(ҥ) |
gold |
— |
money |
Open realization |
| #2916 |
worm ↔ snake |
Tundra Yukaghir |
t͡ʃitnej kødʲe |
worm |
— |
snake |
Open realization |
| #3029 |
beard ↔ moustache |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аҥанбугучэ |
beard |
— |
moustache |
Open realization |
| #3037 |
worm → ant |
Tundra Yukaghir |
көдьэ - köd̦e |
worm |
→ |
ant |
Open realization |
| #3099 |
to breathe — air |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аҕарэ |
breathing |
— |
air |
Open realization |
| #3115 |
half → enemy |
Tundra Yukaghir |
вальҕарэ |
half; one of two pairs |
→ |
enemy |
Open realization |
| #3142 |
price → award |
Tundra Yukaghir |
вальэ |
price |
— |
award |
Open realization |
| #3196 |
tongue (body part) → rumour |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ванар |
tongue (body part) |
→ |
rumour |
Open realization |
| #3244 |
to turn, rotate (tr.) → to strike, hit |
Tundra Yukaghir |
вэй- |
to turn, rotate (tr.) |
→ |
to strike, hit |
Open realization |
| #3537 |
to hang (tr.) → to put up as a prize |
Tundra Yukaghir |
вэлтэ- |
to hang (tr.) |
→ |
to put up as a prize |
Open realization |
| #3600 |
meat → body |
Tundra Yukaghir |
чуул |
meat |
— |
body |
Open realization |
| #3720 |
to raise, lift (tr.) → to endure |
Tundra Yukaghir |
вэльии- |
to raise, lift (tr.) |
— |
to endure |
Open realization |
| #3755 |
breath, breathing ↔ life |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аҕарэ |
breathing |
— |
life |
Open realization |
| #3895 |
drunk — rabid |
Tundra Yukaghir |
иимиэ- |
to become drunk |
— |
to become rabid |
Open realization |
| #3948 |
deer → horse |
Tundra Yukaghir |
илэ / йоходилэ |
reindeer |
→ |
horse |
Open realization |
| #3954 |
word — language |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аруу |
word |
— |
language |
Open realization |
| #3976 |
strong — obstinate, persistent |
Tundra Yukaghir |
вэрвэму- |
to be strong |
— |
to be stubborn |
Open realization |
| #4125 |
to stand up → to stop doing smth. |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аҕуол- |
to stand |
→ |
o be idle, to be in a state of malfunction or downtime |
Open realization |
| #4361 |
voice — word |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аруу |
voice |
— |
word |
Open realization |
| #4363 |
voice — language |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аруу |
voice |
— |
language |
Open realization |
| #4412 |
to know → to remember, recall |
Tundra Yukaghir |
курильии- |
to know |
— |
to remember |
Open realization |
| #4507 |
still (adv.) — again |
Tundra Yukaghir |
вайидэ |
still (adv.) |
— |
again |
Open realization |
| #4579 |
to fall asleep → to go out (of fire) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аавэ- |
to fall asleep |
→ |
to go out (of fire) |
Open realization |
| #4607 |
to be tied → to stammer, stutter |
Tundra Yukaghir |
игэ- |
to be tied |
→ |
to stammer, stutter |
Open realization |
| #4772 |
to try, to attempt → to measure |
Tundra Yukaghir |
идьэй- |
to try, to attempt |
→ |
to measure |
Open realization |
| #4774 |
liver → spleen (anat.) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
альаайэ(ң) / льукульаайэ |
liver |
→ |
spleen (anat.) |
Open realization |
| #4781 |
sadness, melancholy → will (legal document) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
иильдьэ(ҥ) |
sadness, melancholy, longing |
→ |
will (legal document) |
Open realization |
| #4786 |
milk ↔ female breast |
Tundra Yukaghir |
иисии |
milk |
— |
female breast |
Open realization |
| #4787 |
wind → bad weather |
Tundra Yukaghir |
илийэ |
wind |
→ |
bad weather; blizzard, snowstorm |
Open realization |
| #4788 |
to see/to look at → to discuss |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ичуо- |
to see/to look at |
→ |
to discuss |
Open realization |
| #4911 |
to pasture, shepherd → to guard |
Tundra Yukaghir |
иэрэ- |
to pasture, shepherd |
→ |
to guard |
Open realization |
| #5276 |
ice → window |
Tundra Yukaghir |
йарха / йархадэльил |
ice |
→ |
window |
Open realization |
| #5299 |
silver ↔ gold |
Tundra Yukaghir |
поҕодэ(ҥ) |
silver |
— |
gold |
Open realization |
| #5413 |
tongue (body part) ↔ clapper of a bell |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ванар |
tongue (body part) |
→ |
clapper of a bell |
Open realization |
| #5598 |
straight → good |
Tundra Yukaghir |
йатаҕай- |
to become straight |
→ |
to become better (about life, weather) |
Open realization |
| #6667 |
tongue (body part) → key (of a door) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ванар |
tongue (body part) |
→ |
key (of a door) |
Open realization |
| #6744 |
old (vs. new) — previous |
Tundra Yukaghir |
tidaːlʲe |
old (vs. new) |
— |
previous |
Open realization |
| #6840 |
foot → sole (of shoe) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аримэ |
foot |
→ |
sole (of shoe) |
Open realization |
| #6841 |
to undress (intr.) → to clear away (fog, clouds) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аравгурчии- |
to undress (intr.), to strip naked |
→ |
to be cleared (about sky) |
Open realization |
| #7010 |
always → too much |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ах |
always |
→ |
too much |
Open realization |
| #7025 |
screen, cover → backdrop (visual) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
архуль |
screen, cover |
→ |
backdrop |
Open realization |
| #7062 |
to sleep → bed |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аавэ- / ааваал |
to sleep |
→ |
bed |
Open realization |
| #7063 |
to sleep → blanket |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аавэ- / аавии |
to sleep |
→ |
blanket |
Open realization |
| #7064 |
nose → barrel (of a gun) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
йоҕул / (аариин) йоҕул |
nose |
→ |
barrel (of a gun) |
Open realization |
| #7065 |
to stop moving → to stop (intr.) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аарэй- |
to stop moving |
→ |
to stop (intr.) |
Open realization |
| #7066 |
grandmother → body of water |
Tundra Yukaghir |
абучиэ |
grandmother |
→ |
euphemism for river, lake |
Open realization |
| #7067 |
grandmother → midwife |
Tundra Yukaghir |
абучиэ |
grandmother |
→ |
midwife |
Open realization |
| #7072 |
box, container — burrow (of animal) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
авур |
bag, sack; box, container |
— |
burrow (of animal) |
Open realization |
| #7073 |
box, container — cradle |
Tundra Yukaghir |
авур |
bag, sack; box, container |
— |
cradle |
Open realization |
| #7074 |
to touch → to drop by |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аҕай- |
to touch |
→ |
to visit along the way for a short time |
Open realization |
| #7075 |
to whisper → to snitch |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аҕандьи- |
to whisper |
→ |
to snitch |
Open realization |
| #7076 |
foot → bottom |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аримэ |
foot |
→ |
bottom (of a vessel) |
Open realization |
| #7077 |
breath, breathing → spirit (supernatural being) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аҕарэ |
breathing |
— |
spirit |
Open realization |
| #7078 |
to stand → to be alive (about babies) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
аҕуол- |
to stand |
→ |
to be alive (about babies) |
Open realization |
| #7079 |
to peel off (about skin) — to disperse (intr., about cloud) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
айаҕай- |
to be peeled off (about skin) |
— |
to be cleared (about cloud) |
Open realization |
| #7080 |
to shoot → to throw a lasso |
Tundra Yukaghir |
айи- |
to shoot (with a bow) |
→ |
to throw a lasso |
Open realization |
| #7081 |
low (location) → to be defeated |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ал / албэдьии- |
below; low part of something |
→ |
to be defeated |
Open realization |
| #7082 |
low (location) → small (amount) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ал / алҕамлал- |
below; low part of something |
→ |
to be in a small amount |
Open realization |
| #7083 |
low (location) → downriver |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ал / алҕарэ |
below; low part of something |
→ |
downriver side |
Open realization |
| #7084 |
low (location) → leeward |
Tundra Yukaghir |
ал / алҕар |
below; low part of something |
→ |
leeward |
Open realization |
| #7085 |
to decrease (water level) → to subside (medicine) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
алҕуучии- |
to decrease (water level in a river) |
→ |
to subside (medicine); to pass (of desease) |
Open realization |
| #7086 |
to move down (tr.) → to defeat, win |
Tundra Yukaghir |
алун вэйм / алун вэйм |
to move down |
→ |
to defeat, win |
Open realization |
| #7090 |
to dress leather — to heal (of a wound) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
амалэр- |
to dress leather |
— |
to heal (of a wound) |
Open realization |
| #7092 |
to melt, thaw → to heat up, warm up (intr.) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
альаа- |
to melt, to thaw (about snow, ice, sugar) |
— |
to become warm |
Open realization |
| #7093 |
to feel shy, embarrassed → to shut one's eyes |
Tundra Yukaghir |
амалийи- |
to feel shy, embarrassed |
→ |
to shut one's eyes (under the bright sunlight) |
Open realization |
| #7094 |
to become better → to convalesce, recover from illness |
Tundra Yukaghir |
амахаа- |
to become better |
→ |
to get better, convalesce |
Open realization |
| #7095 |
bone → height (of a person) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
амун |
bone |
→ |
height (of a person) |
Open realization |
| #7096 |
bone → shell (of an egg) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
амун |
bone |
→ |
shell (of an egg) |
Open realization |
| #7097 |
mouse → marmot |
Tundra Yukaghir |
сальил / анаан сальил |
mouse |
→ |
black-capped marmot (Marmota camtschatica) |
Open realization |
| #7109 |
louse — bedbug (Cimex lectularius) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
пимэ / ваавэч пимэ |
louse |
— |
bedbug (Cimex lectularius) |
Open realization |
| #7110 |
to go blind → to be paid (e. g. debt) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
валдаа- |
to become blind |
→ |
to be paid (e. g. debt) |
Open realization |
| #7956 |
fat, lard — butter |
Tundra Yukaghir |
nʲanʲir |
suet, fat, lard |
— |
butter |
Open realization |
| #7957 |
butter — vegetable oil |
Tundra Yukaghir |
nʲanʲir |
butter |
— |
vegetable oil |
Open realization |
| #8249 |
cartilage — tin (n.) |
Tundra Yukaghir |
пукульуу |
cartilage |
— |
tin (n.) |
Open realization |
| #8560 |
to feel pain, ache → worry, anxiety |
Tundra Yukaghir |
йав- |
to ache |
→ |
to worry, be agitated |
Open realization |
| #10366 |
animal → deer |
Tundra Yukaghir |
талав |
animal |
— |
wild reindeer |
Open realization |