Comparative Khoe-Kwadi
A comparative dictionary of Khoe-Kwadi languages, by Anne Maria Fehn, Anna Smirnitskaya, Tshisimogo Leepang, Hirosi Nakagawa, Admire Phiri & Jorge Rocha [in prep.]
https://evolex.huma-num.fr/lexicons.html
Realizations (256)
| Shift | Language | Lexeme | Source | Target | Page | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1220 | Khoekhoe | ŋǂȁà | to dance | → | to kick | 186 |
| #10130 | Naro | qg'áó [!x'áó] | neck | — | saddleback | |
| #10130 | Khoekhoe | ǃa̋ób {!aob} | neck | — | saddleback | |
| #10131 | Naro | tcáḿ [=áḿ] | to roll | → | boyfriend, girlfriend | |
| #10132 | Khwe | bèyèé | zebra | — | horse | |
| #6520 | Kwadi | χa(o)~χo(o) | elephant | ← | hippopotamus | |
| #4101 | Kwadi | k’o(o) | meat | → | animal | |
| #4101 | Buga-Kxoe | kχʼó.χò | meat | → | animal | |
| #4101 | Danisi | k’ō.xú | meat | → | animal | |
| #4101 | Deti | k’ō.xú | meat | → | animal | |
| #4101 | Gǁana | kχʼó.χò | meat | → | animal | |
| #4101 | Khwe | kχʼó.χò | meat | → | animal | |
| #4101 | Nata-Shua (Shwakhwe) | k’ō.xú | meat | → | animal | |
| #4101 | Tjwao (Tshwao) | kx’oo.xu | meat | → | animal | |
| #4101 | ǁAni | kχ’ōō.χú | meat | → | animal | |
| #10382 | Tshwa (Tsoa, Hiechware) | kʼaba | calabash, gourd | → | bowl | |
| #8515 | Khoekhoe | ǀhȁú | beard | — | mane | |
| #6248 | Khoekhoe | hȍò | to catch | ← | to find | |
| #8136 | Khoemana (Korana, ǃOra) | ǂˀaa | arrow | — | bamboo | |
| #9863 | Khoemana (Korana, ǃOra) | tʰã̄ã̄ | to lick | — | to taste (tr.) | |
| #366 | Naro | !óḿ | heavy (vs. light) | → | difficult | |
| #366 | Khoekhoe | ǃőḿ | heavy (vs. light) | → | difficult | |
| #18 | Gǀui | kúḿ | to hear / to listen | → | to understand | |
| #18 | Ts'ixa | kúḿ | to hear / to listen | → | to understand | |
| #18 | ǁAni | kóḿ~kúḿ | to hear | → | to understand | |
| #18 | Khoekhoe | ŋǁã̏ṹ | to hear | → | to understand | |
| #10519 | Gǀui | gǀã́ã̄ | grass, herb | — | leaf | |
| #5308 | Khoemana (Korana, ǃOra) | ǀãã | grass, herb | — | marijuana | |
| #3000 | Gǀui | cùā | penis | — | vagina | |
| #710 | Khwe | kχʼéí | in front of | → | before (temporal) | |
| #436 | Danisi | ts’ūḿ | lip | → | mouth | |
| #436 | Khwe | tʃʼóḿ | lip | → | mouth | |
| #7932 | Khwe | dìnìī | honey | → | sugar | |
| #7158 | Khoekhoe | ǀχóà | brave | — | dangerous | |
| #7159 | Naro | ǁχóà | strong | — | dangerous | |
| #10526 | Buga-Kxoe | ǀχánī | star | → | guinea fowl | |
| #10526 | Deti | ǀxani | star | → | guinea fowl | |
| #10526 | Gǁana | ǀχánī | star | → | guinea fowl | |
| #10526 | Gǁabak’e | ǀxáí.nì | star | → | guinea fowl | |
| #10526 | Gǁoro | ǀxánī | star | → | guinea fowl | |
| #10526 | Tshwa (Tsoa, Hiechware) | ǀxai.ne | star | → | guinea fowl | |
| #10526 | Khwe | ǀχánī | star | → | guinea fowl | |
| #10526 | Nata-Shua (Shwakhwe) | ǀxínī | star | → | guinea fowl | |
| #10526 | Tjwao (Tshwao) | ǀxani | star | → | guinea fowl | |
| #10526 | Ts'ixa | ǀxánī | star | → | guinea fowl | |
| #10526 | ǁAni | ǀχánī | star | → | guinea fowl | |
| #8948 | Buga-Kxoe | ǂχéí | eye | → | to awaken, wake up | |
| #8948 | Cua (Botswana) | cxàí | eye | → | to awaken, wake up | |
| #8948 | Danisi | cxáí | eye | → | to awaken, wake up | |
| #8948 | Deti | tʃxāí | eye | → | to awaken, wake up | |
| #8948 | Gǀui | ǂχáí | eye | → | to awaken, wake up | |
| #8948 | Gǁana | ǂχáí | eye | → | to awaken, wake up | |
| #8948 | Khwe | ǂχēí | eye | → | to awaken, wake up | |
| #8948 | Kua (Botswana) | cxàí | eye | → | to awaken, wake up | |
| #8948 | Naro | ǂχáí | eye | → | to awaken, wake up | |
| #8948 | Nata-Shua (Shwakhwe) | tʃxáí | eye | → | to awaken, wake up | |
| #8948 | Tsua | cxàí | eye | → | to awaken, wake up | |
| #8948 | Ts'ixa | cxáí | eye | → | to awaken, wake up | |
| #8948 | ǁAni | ǂχéí | eye | → | to awaken, wake up | |
| #7298 | Khwe | tʃã́ã̀ | heat (n.) | → | sun | |
| #2411 | Khwe | tɛ̀ɛ̄ | arc | → | gun | |
| #933 | Buga-Kxoe | kχʼáò.kʰòè~kχʼáá.kʰòè | man (male) | — | husband | |
| #933 | Danisi | kʼáá.kʰóè | man (male) | — | husband | |
| #933 | Deti | kʼáá.kʰòè | man (male) | — | husband | |
| #933 | Gǁabak’e | kʼáò.tʃʰò(è) | man (male) | — | husband | |
| #933 | Gǁoro | kʼáá.kʰóè | man (male) | — | husband | |
| #933 | Khwe | kχʼáá.kʰò(è) | man (male) | — | husband | |
| #933 | Nata-Shua (Shwakhwe) | kʼáá.kʰòè~kʼáò.kʰòè | man (male) | — | husband | |
| #933 | Tjwao (Tshwao) | kxʼáò.tʃʰò | man (male) | — | husband | |
| #933 | Ts'ixa | kʼáá.kʰóè | man (male) | — | husband | |
| #933 | ǁAni | kχʼáò.kʰòè | man (male) | — | husband | |
| #1211 | Ts'ixa | ǁã́ã́ | thirst | → | to desire, crave, long for | |
| #1211 | Buga-Kxoe | ǁã́ã́ | thirst | → | to desire, crave | |
| #5287 | Naro | ǀˀṹã́ | leg | → | wheel | |
| #1204 | Danisi | ǀˀṹã́ | bone | — | leg, shin | |
| #1204 | Gǀui | ǀˀṹã́ | bone | — | leg, shin | |
| #1204 | Gǁoro | ǀˀṹã́ | bone | — | leg | |
| #1204 | Naro | ǀˀṹã́ | bone | — | leg | |
| #1204 | Ts'ixa | ǀˀṹã́ | bone | — | leg, shin | |
| #1204 | ǁAni | ǀˀṹã́ | bone | — | leg | |
| #2541 | Khoekhoe | ka̋í | big | → | great | |
| #1950 | Khwe | ǂχṹũ̀ | brain (cerebrum) | → | thought | |
| #222 | Gǁoro | tʃxṹũ̄ | brain (cerebrum) | — | head | |
| #1056 | Danisi | hḿm̀~mũ̄ũ̀ | smell | → | stink | |
| #1056 | Nata-Shua (Shwakhwe) | m̄ḿ~mũ̄ṹ | smell | → | stink | |
| #1056 | Kwadi | hm | smell | → | stink | |
| #1629 | Ts'ixa | káò | long (size) | — | high (size), tall | |
| #1629 | Nata-Shua (Shwakhwe) | káò | long (size) | — | high (size), tall | |
| #1629 | Naro | !áò | long (size) | — | high (size), tall | |
| #892 | Naro | !áò | high (size), tall | — | deep | |
| #1629 | Khwe | kʲáò | long (size) | — | high (size), tall | |
| #1629 | Gǁoro | káò | long (size) | — | high (size), tall | |
| #1629 | Gǀui | !áò | long (size) | — | high (size), tall | |
| #892 | Gǀui | !áò | high (size), tall | — | deep | |
| #1629 | Danisi | káò | long (size) | — | high (size), tall | |
| #750 | Ts'ixa | káá | to search, look for | — | to want | |
| #750 | Tjwao (Tshwao) | kaa | to search, look for | — | to want | |
| #750 | Nata-Shua (Shwakhwe) | kaa | to search, look for | — | to want | |
| #1454 | Naro | !āā | to seek, look for | — | to choose | |
| #1153 | Kwadi | χa(a) | to want | — | to hunt | |
| #173 | Kwadi | χa(a) | to hunt | — | to love | |
| #43 | Kwadi | χa(a) | to want | — | to love | |
| #750 | Khwe | kʲáá | to search, look for | — | to want | |
| #43 | Khwe | kʲáá | to want | — | to love | |
| #3508 | Khwe | kʲáá | to want | — | to need | |
| #750 | Tshwa (Tsoa, Hiechware) | kaa | to search, look for | — | to want | |
| #750 | Danisi | káá | to search, look for | — | to want | |
| #9804 | ǁAni | ǀˀáò | blood | → | money | |
| #9804 | Ts'ixa | ǀˀáò | blood | → | money | |
| #9804 | Nata-Shua (Shwakhwe) | ǀˀáò | blood | → | money | |
| #9804 | Naro | ǀˀáò | blood | → | money | |
| #9804 | Gǁoro | ǀˀáò | blood | → | money | |
| #9804 | Gǀui | ǀˀáò | blood | → | money | |
| #9804 | Danisi | ǀˀáò | blood | → | money | |
| #9804 | Buga-Kxoe | ǀˀáò | blood | → | money | |
| #829 | ǁAni | sɛ́ɛ̀ | to take | → | to marry, take a wife | |
| #829 | Ts'ixa | sɛ́ɛ̀ | to take | → | to marry, take a wife | |
| #829 | Tjwao (Tshwao) | séè | to take | → | to marry, take a wife | |
| #829 | Naro | séè | to take | → | to marry, take a wife | |
| #829 | Khwe | ʃɛ́ɛ̀ | to take | → | to marry, take a wife | |
| #829 | Tshwa (Tsoa, Hiechware) | see | to take | → | to marry, take a wife | |
| #829 | Buga-Kxoe | sɛ́ɛ̀~ʃɛ́ɛ̀ | to take | → | to marry, take a wife | |
| #1837 | Kwadi | ʔm(u) | to sleep | — | to lie down | |
| #8889 | Kwadi | ʔm(u) | to rest | — | to sleep | |
| #1641 | Naro | ǁāō | to throw | — | to shoot | |
| #10530 | Gǀui | ǃχóé | to run | → | to dance | |
| #10530 | Gǁana | χóé | to run | → | to dance | |
| #9951 | Khoekhoe | ǃχőé | to run | → | fast | |
| #9952 | Tshwa (Tsoa, Hiechware) | xue | to run | → | to escape, flee | |
| #1632 | Nata-Shua (Shwakhwe) | xóé | to flow | — | to run away | |
| #1632 | Danisi | xúé | to flow | — | to run | |
| #9833 | Buga-Kxoe | ʃóm̀~sóm̀ | shadow, shade | → | soul | |
| #9833 | Khwe | ʃóm̀ | shadow, shade | → | soul | |
| #9833 | Kua (Botswana) | súm̀ | shadow, shade | → | soul | |
| #2722 | Nata-Shua (Shwakhwe) | kúḿ | to hear | → | to perceive smell | |
| #2722 | Gǀui | kúḿ | to hear | → | to perceive smell | |
| #1068 | Gǀui | kúḿ | to feel | — | to perceive smell | |
| #3760 | Gǀui | kúḿ | to perceive smell | — | to taste (tr.) | |
| #1067 | Gǀui | kúḿ | to feel | — | to hear | |
| #9864 | Gǀui | kúḿ | to taste (tr.) | — | to feel | |
| #1652 | Danisi | ʔʲám̀ | top | → | sky | |
| #1652 | Gǁabak’e | ʔʲám̀~ʔʲím̀ | top, upper part | → | sky | |
| #1652 | Tshwa (Tsoa, Hiechware) | ɲim | top | → | sky | |
| #1652 | Khwe | ǂˀám̀ | top | → | sky | |
| #1652 | Kua (Botswana) | ʔím̀ | top | — | sky | |
| #1652 | Nata-Shua (Shwakhwe) | ʔʲám̀ | top, upper part | → | sky | |
| #10531 | Naro | ǂˀám̀ | top, upper part | → | grave, tomb | |
| #10531 | Gǀui | ǂˀám̀ | top, upper part | → | grave, tomb | |
| #7467 | Khwe | ǂˀám̀ | air | — | sky | |
| #8843 | Khwe | ǂˀám̀ | sky | → | heaven | |
| #8843 | Tshwa (Tsoa, Hiechware) | ɲim | sky | → | heaven | |
| #1455 | Buga-Kxoe | ǂíí | to call | → | to name | |
| #1455 | Gǀui | ǂíı̄ | to call | → | to name | |
| #1455 | Tshwa (Tsoa, Hiechware) | tʃii | to call | → | to name | |
| #1455 | Khoekhoe | ǂài̋ | to call | → | to name | |
| #1455 | Khwe | ǂíí | to call | → | to name | |
| #1455 | Ts'ixa | cíí | to call | → | to name | |
| #1455 | ǂHaba | ǂīī | to call | → | to name | |
| #1856 | Danisi | cʼōá~tʃʼōá | to go out | → | to rise | |
| #1856 | Deti | tʃʼōá | to go out | → | to rise | |
| #1856 | Khwe | ǂχʼóá | to go out | → | to rise | |
| #1856 | Kwadi | ts’ua~ ts’a(a) | to go out | → | to rise | |
| #1856 | Naro | ǂχʼōā | to go out | → | to rise | |
| #1856 | Nata-Shua (Shwakhwe) | tʃʼōá | to go out | → | to rise | |
| #1856 | Ts'ixa | cʼōá~cʼūá | to go out | → | to rise | |
| #1856 | ǁAni | ǂχʼōā~ǂχʼōá | to go out | → | to rise | |
| #10532 | Naro | ǁˀāù | fish | → | Englishman | |
| #3954 | Naro | kχʼūī | word | — | language | |
| #933 | Khoekhoe | ʔáò | man (male) | — | husband | |
| #7946 | Tshwa (Tsoa, Hiechware) | gǀene | fly (n.) | → | bee | |
| #1426 | Gǀui | kχʼáū | bitter | — | salty | |
| #3103 | Tshwa (Tsoa, Hiechware) | kʼau | bitter | — | sour | |
| #3103 | Khwe | kχʼéú | bitter | — | sour | |
| #1426 | Khwe | kχʼéú | bitter | — | salty | |
| #6801 | Khoekhoe | ʔã̀ĩ̀ | to laugh | → | to mock | |
| #392 | Buga-Kxoe | tʼṹĩ̀ | beautiful | — | good | |
| #392 | Danisi | t’ṹı̃̀ | beautiful | — | good | |
| #392 | Gǀui | cʼṹĩ̀ | beautiful | — | good | |
| #392 | Gǁabak’e | tʼũĩ | beautiful | — | good | |
| #392 | Gǁana | tʼṹĩ̀ | beautiful | — | good | |
| #392 | Gǁoro | t’ṹı̃̀ | beautiful | — | good | |
| #392 | Tshwa (Tsoa, Hiechware) | tʼũĩ | beautiful | — | good | |
| #392 | Khwe | tʼóǹ | beautiful | — | good | |
| #392 | Kwadi | t’ue~t’ua | beautiful | — | good | |
| #392 | Nata-Shua (Shwakhwe) | t’ṹı̃̀ | beautiful | — | good | |
| #392 | Ts'ixa | t’ṹĩ̀ | beautiful | — | good | |
| #392 | ǁAni | tʼṹĩ̀ | beautiful | — | good | |
| #10533 | Cara (Botswana) | tʼṹĩ́ | clean (adj.) | — | good | |
| #10533 | Danisi | t’ṹı̃̀ | clean (adj.) | — | good | |
| #10533 | Deti | t’ṹĩ̀ | clean (adj.) | — | good | |
| #10533 | Tjwao (Tshwao) | tʼṹĩ̀ | clean (adj.) | — | good | |
| #10533 | Ts'ixa | t’ṹĩ̀ | clean (adj.) | — | good | |
| #10533 | ǁAni | tʼṹĩ̀ | clean (adj.) | — | good | |
| #2268 | Danisi | t’ṹı̃̀ | clean (adj.) | → | beautiful | |
| #2268 | Ts'ixa | t’ṹĩ̀ | clean (adj.) | — | beautiful | |
| #2268 | ǁAni | tʼṹĩ̀ | clean (adj.) | — | beautiful | |
| #391 | Gǀui | cʼṹĩ̀ | good | — | kind | |
| #6807 | Gǀui | cʼṹĩ̀ | beautiful | — | kind, good-hearted | |
| #1219 | Gǀui | kʰóō | leather, hide | — | skin (of a person) | |
| #1219 | Tshwa (Tsoa, Hiechware) | tʃʰoo | leather | — | skin (of a person) | |
| #1219 | Khoekhoe | kʰòő | leather, hide | — | skin (of a person) | |
| #1219 | Khwe | kʰòó | leather, hide | — | skin (of a person) | |
| #1219 | Kua (Botswana) | kʰòó | hide | — | skin (of a person) | |
| #1219 | Naro | kʰòō | leather | — | skin (of a person) | |
| #1219 | Tsua | kʰòó | hide | — | skin (of a person) | |
| #1219 | Ts'ixa | kʰōó | hide | — | skin (of a person) | |
| #7206 | Khoemana (Korana, ǃOra) | hai | tree | → | post, stick | |
| #7687 | Buga-Kxoe | jìī | tree | → | plant (biol.) | |
| #7206 | Deti | jii~ʤii | tree | → | stick (n.) | |
| #7206 | Gǀui | ìī | tree | → | stick (n.) | |
| #7687 | Gǁoro | jii~ʤii | tree | → | plant (biol.) | |
| #7206 | Khoekhoe | hȁí | tree | → | stick (n.) | |
| #599 | Khoekhoe | hȁí | tree | → | wood | |
| #7687 | Khoekhoe | hȁí | tree | → | plant (biol.) | |
| #7206 | Khwe | jìī | tree | → | shaft | |
| #7206 | Kwadi | tshi(i)~chi(i) | tree | → | stick (n.) | |
| #7206 | Naro | hìī | tree | → | stick (n.) | |
| #7206 | Nata-Shua (Shwakhwe) | ʤīī | tree | → | stick (n.) | |
| #7206 | Ts'ixa | jīī~hīī | tree | → | stick (n.) | |
| #7206 | ǁAni | jīī~jīí | tree | → | stick (n.) | |
| #599 | Khwe | jìī | tree | → | wood, timber | |
| #599 | Nata-Shua (Shwakhwe) | ʤīī | tree | → | wood, timber | |
| #599 | Ts'ixa | jīī~hīī | tree | → | wood, timber | |
| #7687 | Ts'ixa | jīī~hīī | tree | → | plant (biol.) | |
| #7687 | ǁAni | jīī~jīí | tree | → | plant (biol.) | |
| #5420 | Khwe | kʲáḿ | sting (n.) | ← | penis | |
| #1220 | Khoemana (Korana, ǃOra) | ŋǂāā | to dance | → | to kick | |
| #4786 | Naro | bíì | milk | — | female breast | |
| #966 | Khoekhoe | tàra̋ | woman | — | wife | |
| #966 | Khoemana (Korana, ǃOra) | tara | woman | — | wife | |
| #4010 | Khoekhoe | ʔȁ.wó | father | → | forefather | |
| #904 | Khoekhoe | ǂˀóà | wind | → | air | |
| #10478 | Khoekhoe | ǂˀóà | wind, air | → | oxygen | |
| #4101 | Ts'ixa | k’ō.xú | meat | → | animal | |
| #4101 | Gǁabak’e | kʼóó.xō | meat | → | animal | |
| #4101 | Gǁoro | k’ō.xú | meat | → | animal | |
| #7906 | Naro | !χáí | clothes | → | dress (feminine) | |
| #869 | Khwe | tʃú.tʃú | hot | → | feverish | |
| #9486 | ǁAni | tsú.tsú | hot | → | to hurt | |
| #976 | Khwe | ǀˀɛ́ɛ̀ | thread | → | wire (n.) | |
| #5947 | Khwe | ǀˀɛ́ɛ̀ | string (of a musical instrument) | — | rope, cord | |
| #856 | Khoekhoe | ǁχã́ã̀ | moon | → | month | |
| #856 | Khoemana (Korana, ǃOra) | ǁχãã | moon | → | month | |
| #4690 | Khoekhoe | ǂàà | to insert | → | to plant | |
| #10536 | Khoekhoe | ǂˀã̀ĩ̋ | to guess | ← | to think, consider | |
| #4691 | Naro | tàˤm̄ | tongue (body part) | → | blade, edge (of an instrument) | |
| #744 | Buga-Kxoe | dàḿ | tongue (body part) | → | language | |
| #744 | Danisi | dāḿ | tongue (body part) | → | language | |
| #744 | Deti | dáḿ | tongue (body part) | → | language | |
| #744 | Gǁoro | dāḿ | tongue (body part) | → | language | |
| #744 | Khwe | dàḿ | tongue (body part) | → | language | |
| #744 | Naro | tàˤm̄ | tongue (body part) | → | language | |
| #744 | Nata-Shua (Shwakhwe) | dàḿ | tongue (body part) | → | language | |
| #744 | Tjwao (Tshwao) | dàḿ | tongue (body part) | → | language | |
| #744 | Ts'ixa | dāḿ | tongue (body part) | → | language | |
| #744 | ǁAni | dām̄ | tongue (body part) | → | language |